Nokea
A client has been diagnosed with immune thrombocytic purpura (ITP). Which of the following signs and symptoms indicate increased thrombocytopenia? Select all that apply.
- A. Frequent nosebleeds
- B. Petechiae and increased bruising
- C. Temporary changes in vision
- D. Numbness and tingling in distal limbs
- E. Confusion
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: ITP causes low platelets, leading to nosebleeds (A) and petechiae/bruising (B). Vision changes (C), numbness (D), and confusion (E) are not typical.
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The nurse must administer 120 mg of amoxicillin oral suspension to a child. However, the only dosage available in the pharmacy is 200 mg per 5 mL. How many milliliters of suspension should the nurse administer? Record your answer using a whole number only.
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: Dose = 120 mg, concentration = 200 mg/5 mL = 40 mg/mL. Volume = 120 m/40 mg/mL = 3 mL.
The nurse is teaching a group of new graduates about the safety needs of the client receiving chemotherapy. Before administering chemotherapy, the nurse should:
- A. Administer a bolus of IV fluid
- B. Administer pain medication
- C. Administer an antiemetic
- D. Allow the patient a chance to eat
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering an antiemetic before chemotherapy prevents nausea and vomiting, common side effects of these drugs.
An RN is in charge of a team on a medical/surgical unit that includes an LPN. The RN understands that which of the following is an activity that falls outside the scope of practice of an LPN?
- A. administer oral medications to a client
- B. insert a nasogastric tube
- C. care for a patient with a tracheostomy
- D. develop a nursing care plan
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Developing a nursing care plan requires assessment and critical thinking, which are RN responsibilities. LPNs can perform the other tasks within their scope.
Nimotop (Nimodipine) is ordered for the client with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. The nurse recognizes that the desired effect of this drug is to:
- A. Prevent the influx of calcium into cells
- B. Restore the client's blood pressure to a normal reading
- C. Prevent the inflammatory process
- D. Dissolve the clot that has formed
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nimodipine is a calcium channel blocker that prevents calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle cells, reducing vasospasm in cerebral arteries, which is critical in managing ruptured cerebral aneurysms.
Which of the following statements by a client with a seizure disorder who is taking topiramate (Topamax) indicates that the client has understood the nurse's instruction?
- A. I will take the medicine before going to bed.
- B. I will drink 8 to 10 ten-ounce glasses of water a day.
- C. I will eat plenty of fresh fruits.
- D. I must take the medicine with a meal or snack.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Topiramate increases the risk of kidney stones, so adequate hydration (8-10 glasses of water daily) is essential to prevent this complication.