Nokea
A client has been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. When teaching the client and family how diet and exercise affect insulin requirements, the nurse should include which guideline?
- A. "You'll need more insulin when you exercise or increase your food intake."
- B. "You'll need less insulin when you exercise or reduce your food intake."
- C. "You'll need less insulin when you increase your intake."
- D. "You'll need more insulin when you exercise or decrease your food intake."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus exercises or reduces their food intake, it can lead to a decrease in blood glucose levels. This is because the body is using up glucose for energy during exercise or receiving less glucose from food intake. As a result, the client would require less insulin to manage their blood glucose levels, since there is less glucose present in the bloodstream that needs to be regulated. It is important for the client and family to understand this relationship between diet, exercise, and insulin requirements to effectively manage the client's diabetes.
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A female client recovers from a serious case of insect bites. What skin related advice must the nurse give to the client and all her family members to prevent the recurrence of the ailment?
- A. Ensure minimum crowd interactions when outdoors
- B. Apply insect repellent to clothing and exposed skin
- C. Wear thick woollen clothing to cover the skin while outdoors
- D. Apply a good sunscreen lotion while going outdoors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should advise the client and her family members to apply insect repellent to clothing and exposed skin to prevent insect bites in the future. Insect repellents containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus are effective in repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and other insects that may cause bites. By regularly applying insect repellent, they can reduce the risk of getting bitten and prevent a recurrence of the ailment. Other preventive measures such as wearing long sleeves and pants, avoiding heavily wooded or grassy areas, and using screens on windows and doors can also be beneficial in preventing insect bites.
What usually triggers the weight loss of anorexia nervosa?
- A. Sexual abuse
- B. School failure
- C. Independence from family
- D. Traumatic interpersonal conflict
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Weight loss in anorexia nervosa is commonly triggered by various factors, including traumatic interpersonal conflicts. These conflicts may involve strained relationships with family members, friends, or other individuals, contributing to emotional distress and disturbances in eating behaviors. Individuals with anorexia nervosa may engage in extreme restriction of food intake as a way to cope with and gain a sense of control over the challenging emotions arising from these conflicts. It is important to address and work through these underlying interpersonal issues through therapy and support in the treatment of anorexia nervosa.
Which of the ff points should a nurse include in the teaching plan for clients who have potential for hypovolemia?
- A. Avoid alcohol and caffeine
- B. Increase intake of milk and dairy products
- C. Increase intake of dried peas and beans
- D. Avoid table salt or food containing sodium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients at risk for hypovolemia, which is a condition characterized by low blood volume, should be advised to avoid alcohol and caffeine. Alcohol and caffeine are known to have diuretic effects, which can further deplete the body's fluid volume and worsen the condition. By avoiding alcohol and caffeine, clients can help maintain adequate fluid levels in the body and reduce the risk of exacerbating hypovolemia. Additionally, it is important for clients at risk for hypovolemia to stay hydrated by consuming adequate amounts of water or other hydrating fluids.
Which of the ff. statements would the nurse understand is true when assessing normal auditory acuity using the Rinne test?
- A. The patient perceives sound equally in both ears.
- B. Air conduction is heard longer than bone conduction in both ears.
- C. Bone conduction is heard longer than air conduction in both ears.
- D. The patient's left ear will perceive the sound better than the right ear.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the Rinne test, a tuning fork is placed first on the mastoid bone behind the ear to test bone conduction, and then beside the ear to test air conduction. A normal finding in the Rinne test is when air conduction (heard beside the ear) is longer than bone conduction (heard on the mastoid bone) in both ears. This indicates that sound waves travel through the air better than through bone. If air conduction is heard longer than bone conduction, it suggests normal auditory acuity.
The BEST statement describing the implication of a 6-month-old boy 'transferring object to hand' is
- A. visuomotor coordination
- B. comparison ability
- C. voluntary release of objects
- D. increasing autonomy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Transferring objects between hands indicates developing visuomotor coordination.