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A client has been given a prescription to begin using nitroglycerin transdermal patches. The nurse instructs the client about this medication administration system and tells the client to expect which side effect?
- A. Sweating
- B. Headache
- C. Dry mouth
- D. Constipation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is a coronary vasodilator used in the management of coronary artery disease. A common side effect of this medication is an intense headache. Clients should be instructed about this side effect and that acetaminophen can be helpful in alleviating discomfort. The remaining options are not associated with the use of this medication.
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Carbamazepine is prescribed for the management of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The nurse instructs the client to inform the primary health care provider if which sign/symptom occurs?
- A. Nausea
- B. Dizziness
- C. Sore throat
- D. Drowsiness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting are frequent side effects associated with the medication. Adverse reactions include blood dyscrasias. If the client develops a fever, sore throat, mouth ulcerations, unusual bleeding or bruising, or joint pain, this may be indicative of a blood dyscrasia, and the primary health care provider should be notified.
A client with a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism is prescribed propylthiouracil (PTU). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
- A. Weight gain.
- B. Agranulocytosis.
- C. Hypertension.
- D. Hyperglycemia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Propylthiouracil can cause agranulocytosis, requiring monitoring of white blood cell counts.
Sulfadiazine has been ordered for a client who has a urinary tract infection. Which of the following recommend is most appropriate for administering sulfonamides?
- A. Encourage the client to take the medication with meals.
- B. Instruct the client to drink at least 8 glasses of water a day.
- C. Measure the client's urine output.
- D. Instruct the client that the urine may turn reddish orange.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adequate hydration (8 glasses of water daily) prevents crystalluria, a complication of sulfonamides.
A client is prescribed diphenhydramine 1% as a topical agent for allergic dermatosis. The nurse evaluates that the medication is having the intended effect when the client reports relief of what complaint?
- A. Pain
- B. Urticaria
- C. Headache
- D. Skin redness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine medication that has many uses. When used as a topical agent on the skin, it reduces the symptoms of allergic reaction, such as itching or urticaria. It does not act to relieve pain, headache, or skin redness.
The nurse is conducting a counseling session with a client experiencing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using a 2-way video telehealth system from the hospital to the client's home, which is 2 hours away from the nearest mental health facility. Which of the following are expected outcomes of using telehealth as a venue to provide health care to this client? Select all that apply. The client will:
- A. Save travel time from the house to the health care facility.
- B. Avoid reliving a traumatic event which might be precipitated by visiting a health care facility.
- C. Experience a shorter recovery time than being treated by being on-site at a health care facility.
- D. Receive health care for this mental health problem.
- E. Obtain group support from others with a similar health problem.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Telehealth reduces travel time, minimizes triggers associated with visiting facilities, and provides access to mental health care, but it does not inherently shorten recovery time or provide group support unless specifically designed.