Nokea
A client hospitalized with chronic dyspepsia is diagnosed with gastric cancer. Which of the following is associated with an increased incidence of gastric cancer?
- A. Dairy products
- B. Carbonated beverages
- C. Refined sugars
- D. Luncheon meats
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Luncheon meats , high in nitrates, are linked to gastric cancer risk. Dairy , carbonated beverages , and refined sugars are not strongly associated.
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A 60-year-old man with a diagnosis of pneumonia.
The nurse should place the patient in a room with which of the following patients?
- A. A 20-year-old in traction for multiple fractures of the left lower leg.
- B. A 35-year-old with recurrent fever of unknown origin.
- C. A 50-year-old recovering alcoholic with cellulitis of the right foot.
- D. An 89-year-old with Alzheimer's disease awaiting nursing home placement.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Strategy: Determine the transmission of organisms. (1) patient with fractures are considered 'clean,' don't place with an infectious patient (2) don't know the cause of the fever (3) correct-generalized nonfollicular infection that involves deeper connective tissue, both patients have infections (4) elderly are high risk for developing pneumonia
The nurse discovers that a hospitalized client is not breathing and has no pulse. After calling for help, what should the nurse do next?
- A. Give the client two breaths
- B. Administer five chest compressions
- C. Go get the emergency cart
- D. Defibrillate the client
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Per CPR guidelines, after calling for help, provide two rescue breaths if trained, followed by compressions. Fetching the cart or defibrillating delays resuscitation.
The nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of hypothyroidism about levothyroxine (Synthroid). Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I should take this medication in the morning.
- B. I should report chest pain to my doctor.
- C. I should avoid taking this with calcium supplements.
- D. I should stop this medication if I feel better.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stopping levothyroxine when feeling better is incorrect, as hypothyroidism requires lifelong replacement therapy to maintain euthyroid status. Options A, B, and C are correct: morning dosing minimizes insomnia, chest pain may indicate overdose, and calcium supplements interfere with absorption.
Which nursing action is MOST appropriate after intubating a postoperative client who had a respiratory arrest?
- A. Soak the intubation equipment in concentrated Betadine solution.
- B. Place the intubation blade in a bag and arrange for gas sterilization.
- C. Soak the intubation blade in Cidex solution.
- D. Wash the equipment with soap and water and allow to air-dry.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gas sterilization ensures intubation equipment is pathogen-free, critical after exposure to body fluids. Options A, C, and D are inadequate for sterilization.
A child at summer camp comes to see the camp nurse 10 minutes after being stung by a bee. The child complains of tingling around her mouth and tightness in her chest. The nurse's first action is summon help and to:
- A. Administer $\mathrm{O}_2$ at $4 \mathrm{~L} / \mathrm{min}$ by nasal cannula.
- B. Apply a tourniquet proximal to the bee sting and give epinephrine subcutaneously.
- C. Administer $\mathrm{O}_2$ at $6 \mathrm{~L} / \mathrm{min}$ and give Benadryl (Diphenhydramine) $25 \mathrm{mg}$ PO.
- D. Reassure the child that she is only excited due to the sting.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tingling and chest tightness suggest anaphylaxis; epinephrine is the first-line treatment, and a tourniquet may slow venom spread.