A client is admitted with a bowel obstruction. The client has nausea, vomiting, and crampy abdominal pain. The physician has written orders for the client to be up ad lib, to have narcotics for pain, to have a nasogastric tube inserted if needed, and for I.V. Ringer's Lactate and hyperalimentation fluids. The nurse should do the following in order of priority from first to last:
- A. Assist with ambulation to promote peristalsis.
- B. Administer Ringer's Lactate.
- C. Insert a nasogastric tube.
- D. Start an infusion of hyperalimentation fluids.
Correct Answer: B,C,A,D
Rationale: The priority is to administer Ringer's Lactate (B) to correct dehydration, followed by inserting a nasogastric tube (C) if needed to decompress the bowel. Ambulation (A) can promote peristalsis but is less urgent, and hyperalimentation fluids (D) are started later for long-term nutrition. CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Synthesize
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A postoperative client is prescribed enoxaparin (Lovenox) 40 mg subcutaneous daily. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor?
- A. Platelet count.
- B. Prothrombin time (PT).
- C. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT).
- D. International normalized ratio (INR).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enoxaparin can cause thrombocytopenia. Monitoring platelet count ensures early detection of this potential adverse effect.
Which of the following exercises should the nurse advise the client to avoid after a lumbar laminectomy?
- A. Knee-to-chest lifts.
- B. Hip tilts.
- C. Sit-ups.
- D. Pelvic tilts.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sit-ups strain the surgical site and should be avoided to prevent injury post-laminectomy.
A client is to receive peritoneal dialysis. To prepare for the procedure, the nurse should?
- A. Assess the dialysis access for a bruit and thrill.
- B. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter and drain all urine from the bladder.
- C. Ask the client to turn toward the left side.
- D. Warm the solution in the warmer.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Warming the dialysis solution prevents discomfort and promotes effective dialysis by relaxing abdominal muscles.
The nurse is preparing to transfuse fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to a client. Which of the following actions would be appropriate for the nurse to take?
- A. Obtain baseline platelet count
- B. Verify ABO compatibility
- C. Infuse over two to four hours
- D. Obtain a 12-lead electrocardiogram
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: FFP requires ABO compatibility verification to prevent transfusion reactions, as it contains plasma proteins and antibodies. Platelet counts are irrelevant to FFP, infusion time is typically 30–60 minutes, and an ECG is not routinely required.
The nurse has established a goal with a client to improve mobility following hip replacement. Which of the following is a realistic outcome at the time of discharge from the surgical unit?
- A. The client can walk throughout the entire hospital with a walker.
- B. The client can walk the length of a hospital hallway with minimal pain.
- C. The client has increased independence in transfers from bed to chair.
- D. The client can raise the affected leg 6 inches with assistance.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased independence in transfers is a realistic and measurable goal for discharge.
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