Nokea
A client is being evaluated for mitral stenosis versus mitral insufficiency. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse find in either condition?
- A. Angina
- B. Syncope
- C. Murmur
- D. High blood pressure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitral stenosis and mitral insufficiency both create regurgitation of blood back through the mitral valve which can be heard as a murmur. Angina and syncope are not common and would only be exhibited if decrease nourishment of the cardiac muscle and organs occur. Hypertension may be an underlying condition but not necessarily associated with both disorders.
You may also like to solve these questions
What disease process is mitral regurgitation associated with?
- A. Aortic stenosis
- B. Cellulitis
- C. Pulmonary fibrosis
- D. Rheumatic carditis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mitral regurgitation is associated with rheumatic carditis and mitral valve prolapse. It is not associated with aortic stenosis, cellulitis, or pulmonary fibrosis. Aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aortic valve, not related to the mitral valve. Cellulitis is inflammation in tissue, and pulmonary fibrosis is a scarring in the tissue of the lung.
The client has been diagnosed with aortic regurgitation. Which nursing data is most significant in identifying the cause for this disorder?
- A. Obesity
- B. Tobacco use
- C. Fen-Phen
- D. Lack of exercise
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The incidence of mitral and aortic regurgitation increased by as much as 36% in 1997, due to the use of fenfluramine with phentermine (Fen-Phen) for weight loss. Obesity, tobacco use, and lack of exercise have been identified as risk factors for heart disease but not a significant identified cause for aortic regurgitation.
The nurse is interviewing a client who is being admitted for possible mitral regurgitation. Which historical fact is of greatest value to the nurse?
- A. Congenital neural tube defect
- B. Rheumatic fever
- C. One-pack-a-day smoker for 20 years
- D. Pacemaker inserted 2 years ago
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rheumatic fever and subsequent heart disease is the prominent cause of valvular insufficiency. Congenital neural tube defect is associated with spina bifida not mitral regurgitation. Smoking and insertion of pacemaker are significant to heart disorders but not of greatest value as rheumatic fever.
The nursing instructor is teaching the junior nursing students about aortic regurgitation. What classification of drugs is used to sustains the client with aortic regurgitation?
- A. Antihypertensives
- B. Anticoagulants
- C. Cardiac glycosides
- D. Antiarrhythmics
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Because aortic regurgitation is mild and only slowly progressive in most people, clients are sustained with cardiac glycosides or beta-blockers and diuretics. Antihypertensives, anticoagulants, and antiarrhythmics are not the type of drugs used to treat aortic regurgitation.
A client with progressive mitral valve prolapse is experiencing sympathetic nervous system symptoms in addition to prolapse symptoms. Which teaching point should be stressed by the nurse to minimize these effects?
- A. Antibiotic therapy before invasive procedures
- B. Low-dose aspirin daily
- C. Avoid caffeine.
- D. Decrease fluid and sodium intake.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The symptoms associated with sympathetic nervous response (anxiety, agitation, nervousness, and palpitations) are often managed with antianxiety medications and advisement to avoid caffeine and over-the-counter medications that contain stimulants. Periodic antibiotic therapy use before an invasive procedure is not associated with sympathetic nervous system symptoms. Low-dose aspirin is used to prevent thrombus formation. Decreasing fluid and sodium intake is indicated for the control of congestive failure.