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A client is being seen at the clinic for the first time, and the nurse asks the client about what brought them to the clinic today as well as the past medical history. What part of the interview process does this represent?
- A. Introductory phase
- B. Working phase
- C. Summary phase
- D. Closing phase
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During the working phase, the nurse asks the client questions to gather data for the client database. The introductory phase involves the beginning introductions as well as establishing rapport. The summary or closing phase is at the end of the interview.
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The nurse is ending an interview with a client who has been admitted to the hospital for pneumonia. What statement made by the nurse would be an effective way to end the interview?
- A. I appreciate your cooperation and understand that your symptoms have been getting worse for 2 days.'
- B. I will refer any questions you have to the physician.'
- C. How long do you think you will be in the hospital for pneumonia?'
- D. Let me show you where your call bell, television controls, and bathroom are.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An effective way of ending the interview is to summarize what occurred and thank the client for cooperating. Referring questions to the physician without attempting to answer any is not an effective means of communication and does not end the summary phase adequately, and the client has not been thanked for cooperating. A question is not a summarization. The orientation of the client's room is not related to the interview.
Which portion of the interview determines how well the client can perform activities of daily living (ADLs)?
- A. Cultural history
- B. Functional assessment
- C. Chief complaint
- D. Psychosocial history
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A functional assessment determines how well the client can perform ADLs. The psychosocial history and cultural history include the client's age, occupation, religious affiliation, cultural background, and health beliefs. The chief complaint is the current reason the client is seeking care.
The nurse has closed the interview with a client and observes that the client appears to have something else to say. What statement made by the nurse can provide an opportunity for the client to express concerns and ask questions?
- A. Use your call bell if you need anything.'
- B. I don't know what else I could tell you, this about covers all of it.'
- C. Well that is all I have for you. Let me know if you need anything.'
- D. Do you have any questions or concerns that we have not discussed?'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Asking if the client needs more information provides an opportunity for the client to express concerns and ask questions. Instructions about the call bell do not allow the client to ask questions. 'I don't know what else I could tell you' inhibits the client from asking the nurse anything further as well as 'Well that is all I have for you.'
When asking questions about the client's marital status, the nurse is gathering information about which of the following?
- A. Present illness
- B. Functional assessment
- C. Chief complaint
- D. Psychosocial history
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The psychosocial history and cultural history include the client's age, occupation, religious affiliation, cultural background, health beliefs, marital status, and home and working environments. When gathering information about the history of the present illness, the nurse asks the client to describe all present problems, including the onset, frequency, and duration of symptoms. A functional assessment determines how well the client can perform activities of daily living. The chief complaint is the current reason the client is seeking care.
Which of the following should the nurse use during an admission interview?
- A. Give the client suggestions for the answers and avoid making eye contact during the interview.
- B. Allow the client ample time to answer each question and maintain eye contact.
- C. Set a time limit to answer each question and proceed to the next question if the client fails to do so.
- D. Provide the client with a self-help guide to look for answers and maintain eye contact occasionally.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should give the client ample time to answer each question and maintain eye contact to facilitate the interview. Giving the client suggestions for answers and avoiding eye contact during the interview might make the client uncomfortable. Giving the client a time limit to answer each question and proceeding to the next question if the client fails to do so might make the client anxious. Giving the client a self-help guide may hinder interaction between the nurse and the client.