Nokea
A client is being transferred from a bed to a wheelchair. Which action is essential to maintain client safety in this situation?
- A. Position the wheelchair at the foot of the bed
- B. Maintain a space of at least 12 inches between the wheelchair and the bed
- C. Place the footplates in the lowest position before transferring the client
- D. Lock both wheels on the wheelchair before moving the client
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When transferring a client from a bed to a wheelchair, it is crucial to prioritize client safety. Locking both wheels on the wheelchair before moving the client is essential as it adds stability and prevents the wheelchair from moving unexpectedly during the transfer process. Placing the wheelchair at the foot of the bed allows for easier transfer, but ensuring the wheels are locked is more critical for safety. Maintaining a 12-inch space between the wheelchair and the bed is not as essential as ensuring wheel locks are engaged. While placing the footplates in the lowest position can enhance client comfort, it is not a safety measure that is as critical as securing the wheelchair by locking its wheels before the transfer.
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A nurse is caring for newborn infants in a nursery when a man enters the area to take his baby back to the room. The man does not have an identification bracelet, and the nurse does not recognize him. What is the next action of the nurse?
- A. Call security and ask them to escort the man out of the nursery
- B. Ask the man to wait and check the infant's chart
- C. Ask the man to return to his room and bring an identification band
- D. Allow the man to take the baby to his room
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The safety of infants in newborn nurseries is maintained by requiring parents to wear identification bracelets to identify themselves as the rightful parents. This practice minimizes the risk of mistakenly allowing an unauthorized individual to take a baby. In this scenario, since the nurse does not recognize the man and he lacks an identification bracelet, the appropriate action is to ask him to return to his room and bring the identification band. This step ensures the proper identity verification before allowing the man to take the baby. Calling security without first verifying the man's identity may escalate the situation unnecessarily. Checking the infant's chart alone does not confirm the man's identity. Allowing the man to take the baby without proper verification poses a safety risk to the infant.
Which of the following situations indicates the need to file an incident report?
- A. The neon sign directing parking for visitors has burned out
- B. A nurse must send a syringe pump to maintenance for annual service
- C. A client's blood pressure dropped to 90/55 after receiving a dose of morphine
- D. A client's spouse becomes angry and is asked to leave the premises
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An incident report is necessary for documenting unexpected events that occur in a healthcare setting. Situations that warrant filing an incident report include client accidents, medication errors, security problems, or disruptive behaviors that involve clients, families, or visitors. In this scenario, when a client's spouse displays disruptive behavior and is asked to leave the premises, it is essential to document this incident to ensure a record of the event and its resolution. Choices A, B, and C do not involve disruptive behavior or safety concerns that would require an incident report to be filed.
One of your patients is dependent on a mechanical ventilator for their respiratory needs. The patient cannot breathe on their own. Suddenly, the lights in the patient's room and the entire nursing unit go off. You realize that the electric power has been lost. What is the first thing that you should do for this patient?
- A. Plug the ventilator into the red outlet in the room.
- B. Plug the ventilator into the blue outlet in the room.
- C. Use an Ambu bag to ventilate the patient.
- D. Call the doctor about this emergency.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In healthcare facilities, emergency generators are in place in case of power outages. The red outlets in patient rooms are connected to the emergency generator and provide power during such situations. By plugging the ventilator into the red outlet, you ensure that the patient's mechanical ventilation needs are met despite the power loss. Using an Ambu bag or calling the doctor should be secondary actions after ensuring the ventilator is powered correctly. Plugging the ventilator into the blue outlet is incorrect and can result in the ventilator not functioning during a power outage.
When educating a client about their new prescription for warfarin, what should the nurse advise?
- A. To have his white blood cell count tested once a month
- B. To avoid any activities that could lead to injury
- C. To avoid eating leafy green vegetables
- D. Both A and B
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to advise the client to avoid any activities that could lead to injury when taking warfarin. Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that decreases blood clotting, increasing the risk of bleeding. Engaging in activities that may result in injury can lead to uncontrolled bleeding, which can be serious. While monitoring white blood cell count is not specifically related to warfarin therapy, avoiding leafy green vegetables is important due to their vitamin K content, which can interfere with warfarin's effectiveness. Therefore, the client should be educated to avoid activities that could cause injury to prevent potential bleeding complications.
What is the most effective step in hand washing?
- A. Using friction to remove potential pathogens.
- B. Using hospital-grade soap.
- C. Moisturizing the hands after washing to prevent cracking.
- D. Washing hands with soap for at least 15 seconds.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most effective step in hand washing is using friction to remove potential pathogens. While using soap, moisturizing hands, and washing for a sufficient duration are important aspects of hand hygiene, the mechanical action of rubbing hands together with friction is crucial in dislodging and removing dirt, debris, and potential pathogens. Hospital-grade soap may be beneficial, but the physical act of friction is key to effective hand washing. Moisturizing after washing is important for skin health but not the most effective step in the hand washing process. Simply washing hands for a specific duration, such as 15 seconds, without proper friction may not effectively remove contaminants. Therefore, using friction for thorough cleaning is the most crucial step in hand washing.