Nokea
A client is brought into the emergency department by the rescue squad after involvement in a motorcycle accident with a severe spinal cord injury. As what type of illness does the nurse view this event?
- A. Terminal
- B. Acute
- C. Chronic
- D. Catastrophic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Illness refers to a state of being sick and can be viewed as catastrophic or a sudden, traumatic illness, which has occurred with this client. The client has suffered a traumatic accident with serious injury and would be classified as catastrophic. This event is not chronic, terminal, or acute.
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A client undergoing a surgical procedure at the hospital died related to complications during the procedure. The nurse is required to collect data about the event so that a cause can be determined. What type of quality indicators would be used in this incident?
- A. Prevention QIs
- B. Inpatient QIs
- C. Client safety QIs
- D. Pediatric QIs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inpatient QIs reflect quality of care inside hospitals, including inpatient mortality for medical conditions and surgical procedures. Prevention QIs identify hospital admissions that could be avoided through high-quality outpatient care. Client safety QIs also reflect quality of care within hospitals but focus on potentially avoidable complications and adverse events. Pediatric QIs reflect quality of care inside hospitals and identify potentially avoidable hospitalization among children.
A 17-year-old client is having protected sex one to two times a week in a monogamous relationship. What is the client participating in?
- A. Health promotion
- B. Health maintenance
- C. Illness prevention
- D. Wellness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Protecting one's current level of health by practicing safe sex to prevent illness is an example of a health maintenance activity. Health promotion strategies are used to enhance health, such as eating a diet high in fiber. Illness prevention includes identifying risk factors such as hypertension. Wellness is the balance of total well-being.
The nurse working in the clinic has had several incidences of positive chlamydia cultures return in women with pelvic pain. The nurse understands that early diagnosis and treatment are essential measures in which to reduce contagion and limit the complications related to this infection. What type of prevention will the nurse use when these infections are treated?
- A. Primary prevention
- B. Secondary prevention
- C. Tertiary prevention
- D. Prevalence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary prevention is the early diagnosis and treatment to shorten duration and severity of an illness, reduce contagion, and limit complications. Tertiary prevention is healthcare to limit the degree of disability or promote rehabilitation in chronic, irreversible diseases. Prevalence is the number of cases of a disease in a specific population during a specific period. Primary prevention is prevention of the development of disease in a susceptible or potentially susceptible population and includes health promotion and immunization.
A client complaining of bloody urine has scheduled an appointment with a family practitioner. What type of care is the client receiving?
- A. Tertiary
- B. Secondary
- C. Skilled nursing care
- D. Primary
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The first provider that clients contact about a health need provides primary care; this person is typically a family practitioner or nurse practitioner. Secondary care includes referrals to facilities for additional testing. Tertiary care focuses on more complex medical and surgical intervention. Skilled nursing care occurs in facilities or units that offer prolonged health maintenance or rehabilitative services.
A 72-year-old client who is hospitalized will be going on anticoagulant therapy and will require home healthcare nurses to visit once weekly to draw blood for coagulation studies. What coverage does the client have that will cover this service?
- A. Medicaid
- B. Medicare Part A
- C. Medicare Part B
- D. Medicare Part C
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Medicare covers individuals who are 65 years of age or older, permanently disabled workers of any age with specific disabilities, and persons with end-stage renal disease. Medicare Part A covers hospital care, skilled care, hospice, and home health services. Medicare Part B covers medically necessary services such as physician services that are not covered under Part A. Medicare Part C is the Medicare Advantage Plan and includes Parts A and B. Medicaid coverage is coverage for indigent patients that are unable to afford healthcare and qualify financially.