Nokea
A client is brought to the emergency department after having overdosed on cocaine. When assessing the client, which of the following would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.
- A. Euphoria
- B. Seizures
- C. Cardiac arrhythmia
- D. Paranoia
- E. Dilated pupils
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Cocaine overdose can cause seizures (B), cardiac arrhythmia (C), paranoia (D), and dilated pupils (E) due to excessive CNS and sympathetic stimulation. Euphoria (A) is more typical of use, not overdose.
You may also like to solve these questions
A 20-year-old man arrives at the emergency department by ambulance. He is unconscious, with slow respirations and pinpoint pupils. There are tracks visible on his arms. The friend who came with him reports that the client had just shot up heroin when he became unconscious. Which medication would the nurse most likely expect to administer?
- A. Naloxone
- B. Naltrexone
- C. Bupropion
- D. Varenicline
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Naloxone (A) is an opioid antagonist used to reverse heroin overdose, counteracting respiratory depression and unconsciousness. Naltrexone (B) is for maintenance, bupropion (C) is for depression/smoking cessation, and varenicline (D) is for smoking cessation.
A client is prescribed disulfiram as part of his alcohol treatment program to prevent relapse. The client asks the nurse, How will this drug help me? Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. It will help to cure your alcoholism.
- B. It can help to prevent you from drinking.
- C. It makes the withdrawal symptoms less troublesome.
- D. It helps to clear the alcohol out of your body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Disulfiram (B) prevents drinking by causing unpleasant reactions (e.g., nausea) if alcohol is consumed, acting as a deterrent. It does not cure alcoholism (A), reduce withdrawal symptoms (C), or clear alcohol from the body (D).
A client with a history of alcohol abuse is participating in a 12-step Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) program. The nurse determines that the client is at step two when he states which of the following?
- A. I?ve admitted to myself and others the wrongdoings I?ve done.
- B. I realize that there is a higher power that can help me.
- C. I know now that I am powerless over alcohol.
- D. I am making amends to all those that I?ve harmed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step two of the AA 12-step program involves recognizing a higher power that can aid recovery (B). Step one is admitting powerlessness (C), step four involves admitting wrongdoings (A), and step eight involves making amends (D).
A nurse is preparing an inservice program about substance abuse and its etiology. Which of the following would the nurse most likely include in the presentation when discussing possible psychologic etiologies?
- A. Low self-esteem
- B. Genetic predisposition
- C. Dysfunctional family
- D. Peer influence
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low self-esteem (A) is a psychological etiology for substance abuse, contributing to vulnerability. Genetic predisposition (B) is biological, and dysfunctional family (C) and peer influence (D) are social, not primarily psychological.
A client is receiving methadone maintenance therapy. After teaching the client about this treatment, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the client states which of the following?
- A. I can have a glass of wine with dinner if I choose.
- B. I should eat small frequent meals if I get nauseated.
- C. I should take the drug on an empty stomach.
- D. I might experience diarrhea with this drug.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methadone can cause nausea, and eating small, frequent meals (B) helps manage this side effect. Alcohol (A) should be avoided, methadone is taken without regard to food (C), and constipation, not diarrhea (D), is a common side effect.