Nokea
A client is prescribed naloxone for the treatment of postoperative acute respiratory depression after a kidney transplant. The nurse explains the drug to the family, describing its action as which of the following?
- A. Naloxone stops internal bleeding.
- B. Naloxone restores respiratory function.
- C. Naloxone restores reflexes of limbs.
- D. Naloxone helps the client overcome pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should explain that naloxone restores respiratory function within 1 to 2 minutes after administration. Naloxone neither stops internal bleeding nor restores limb reflexes. Naloxone also does not overcome pain.
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A nurse determines that an opioid antagonist would most likely be needed in which situation?
- A. Postoperative acute respiratory depression
- B. Reversal of phenytoin toxicity
- C. Reversal of opioid-induced hypotension
- D. Suspected acute benzodiazepine overdosage
- E. Suspected acute opioid overdosage
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Opioid antagonists are used for the treatment of the following: postoperative acute respiratory depression, reversal of opioid adverse effects (hypotension, bradycardia, etc.), and suspected acute opioid overdosage.
An opioid-naïve client experiences acute pain after surgery and is prescribed opioid therapy. The nurse would be especially alert for the development of which of the following?
- A. Pruritus
- B. Severe headache
- C. Respiratory depression
- D. Urticaria
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should monitor for symptoms of respiratory depression developing in the client as one of the severe adverse reactions of opioid treatment. Pruritus, urticaria, and headache are caused by opioids, but these conditions are not the most severe and common adverse reactions observed in opioid-naïve clients.
A nurse must be careful when administering opioid antagonists to clients taking which of the following?
- A. Codeine for cough
- B. Zolpidem for sleep
- C. Oxycodone for analgesia
- D. Naproxen for analgesia
- E. Diphenoxylate for diarrhea
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Opioid antagonists may prevent the action or intended use of opioids like codeine for cough, oxycodone for analgesia, or diphenoxylate for diarrhea, so administration of opioid antagonists in clients taking these medications must be monitored carefully.
When administering an opioid antagonist, the nurse would expect reversal of which of the following opioid effects?
- A. Respiratory depression
- B. Constipation
- C. Analgesia
- D. Hypotension
- E. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Opioid antagonists are not selective for reversal of specific adverse reactions occurring with the use of an opioid but will reverse all adverse reactions caused by opioids.
After administering an opioid antagonist, which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do when the client's pain recurs?
- A. Change opioid antagonists.
- B. Review the circumstances that led to the use of the opioid antagonist.
- C. Assess the client's pain level.
- D. Begin to treat the pain again.
- E. Decrease the rate of opioid antagonist administration.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The nurse should assess the client's pain level, review the circumstances that required the use of the antagonist, and begin to treat the pain again. Changing antagonists and decreasing the rate of antagonist administration are inappropriate.