Nokea
A client is scheduled for a renal ultrasound. The nurse explains that:
- A. Contrast dye is used.
- B. No preparation is needed.
- C. Fasting is required.
- D. A sedative is given.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Renal ultrasound is non-invasive and requires no special preparation.
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Because a client's renal stone was found to be composed of uric acid, a low-purine, alkaline-ash diet was ordered. Incorporation of which of the following food items into the home diet would indicate that the client understands the necessary diet modifications?
- A. Milk, apples, tomatoes, and corn.
- B. Eggs, spinach, dried peas, and gravy.
- C. Salmon, chicken, and asparagus.
- D. Grapes, corn, cereals, and liver.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Milk, apples, tomatoes, and corn are low-purine and promote an alkaline-ash diet, suitable for uric acid stone prevention.
Which of the following increases the risk of having a large abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture?
- A. Anemia
- B. Dehydration
- C. High blood pressure
- D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High blood pressure increases wall stress in a large abdominal aortic aneurysm, elevating the risk of rupture per Laplace's law (wall tension ˆ pressure × radius). Anemia, dehydration, and hyperglycemia do not directly increase rupture risk.
What is the priority intervention for a client with a suspected stroke?
- A. Administer aspirin.
- B. Perform a CT scan.
- C. Monitor neurological status.
- D. Elevate the head of the bed.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Monitoring neurological status is the priority to detect changes and guide timely stroke intervention.
A nurse is planning care for a client who underwent a percutaneous needle biopsy of the kidney. What should the nurse plan to do immediately after the biopsy? Select all that apply.
- A. Assess the biopsy site.
- B. Take vital signs every hour.
- C. Assess urine for hematuria.
- D. Place the client in a prone position.
- E. Assess the client for chest pain.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Assessing the biopsy site, urine for hematuria, and placing the client prone help monitor for bleeding and promote hemostasis post-biopsy.
Which of the following should the nurse expect to assess as normal skin changes in an elderly client? Select all that apply.
- A. Diminished hair on scalp and pubic areas.
- B. Dusky rubor of left lower extremity.
- C. Solar lentigo.
- D. Wrinkless.
- E. Yellow pigmentation.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Normal aging includes diminished hair, solar lentigo (age spots), and wrinkles. Dusky rubor suggests vascular issues, and yellow pigmentation may indicate jaundice, not normal aging.