Nokea
A client is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which of the following questions would be most important for the nurse to ask the client in preparation for the procedure?
- A. Have you ever had an IVP before?'
- B. Do you have any allergies to shellfish?'
- C. When was your last bowel movement?'
- D. Have you ever experienced urinary incontinence?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shellfish allergies may indicate a risk for contrast dye reactions, critical for IVP safety.
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The nurse is teaching a client with a new ileostomy about dietary modifications. Which food should be avoided?
- A. Rice.
- B. Corn.
- C. Bananas.
- D. Yogurt.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Corn is high in fiber and hard to digest, which can cause blockages in a new ileostomy.
A young adult has been bitten by a human and the skin on the forearm is broken. The client's last tetanus shot was about 8 years ago. The nurse should prepare the client to receive:
- A. An injection of tetanus toxoid.
- B. An application of a corticosteroid cream.
- C. Closure of the wound with sutures.
- D. Testing for tuberculosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A human bite with broken skin and a tetanus shot over 5 years ago warrants tetanus toxoid to prevent tetanus infection. The other options are not indicated for this scenario.
The nurse monitors the serum electrolyte levels of a client who is taking digoxin (Lanoxin). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances is a common cause of digoxin toxicity?
- A. Hyponatremia.
- B. Hypomagnesemia.
- C. Hypocalcemia.
- D. Hypokalemia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypokalemia enhances digoxin's effect on the heart, increasing toxicity risk by altering cardiac membrane potential.
A client with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate (Rheumatrex). The nurse should teach the client to avoid which of the following while taking this medication?
- A. Exposure to sunlight.
- B. Alcohol consumption.
- C. High-fiber foods.
- D. Regular exercise.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alcohol consumption should be avoided with methotrexate due to the increased risk of hepatotoxicity.
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following interventions should be included in the plan of care?
- A. Encourage early ambulation.
- B. Apply cold compresses to the affected leg.
- C. Elevate the affected leg.
- D. Massage the affected leg.
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale: Early ambulation and leg elevation promote venous return and prevent clot progression. Cold compresses and massage are contraindicated.