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A client on an acute mental health unit reports hearing voices that are stating, "kill your doctor"?. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Encourage the client to participate in group therapy on the unit.
- B. Initiate one-to-one observation of the client.
- C. Focus the client on reality.
- D. Notify the provider of the client's statement.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a client experiences command hallucinations, such as being told to harm someone, the priority is ensuring the safety of the client and others. Initiating one-to-one observation allows for close monitoring and intervention to prevent harm. Encouraging participation in group therapy may not be appropriate or safe at this time. Focusing the client on reality may not be effective when experiencing hallucinations, and notifying the provider should come after immediate safety measures have been taken.
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The healthcare professional needs to validate which of the following statements pertaining to an assigned client?
- A. The client has a hard, raised, red lesion on his right hand.
- B. A weight of 185 lbs. is recorded in the chart.
- C. The client reported an infected toe.
- D. The client's blood pressure is 124/70.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Validation is the process of confirming that data are actual and factual. Data that can be measured can be accepted as factual, as in options 1, 3, and 4. The weight, blood pressure, and physical appearance of a lesion can be objectively verified. However, option C, the client reporting an infected toe, requires the nurse to directly assess the client's toe to confirm the statement. This choice involves subjective data that needs to be validated through direct observation, making it the correct answer. Options A, B, and D provide data that can be measured objectively and verified without the need for further assessment.
What is the expected date of delivery for your pregnant client when her last menstrual period was on 10/20/2016
- A. 7/7/2017
- B. 8/7/2017
- C. 6/7/2017
- D. 8/1/2017
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The expected date of delivery is calculated using Nagle's rule which is:
The first day of last menstrual period - 3 months + 7 days = the estimated date of delivery
What is the highest priority for post ECT care?
- A. Observe for confusion
- B. Monitor respiratory status
- C. Reorient to time, place, and person
- D. Document the client's response to the treatment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The highest priority for post ECT care is to monitor respiratory status. This is crucial because a life-threatening side effect of ECT is respiratory arrest. While observing for confusion and reorienting the client are important aspects of post ECT care, they are not as critical as ensuring the client's respiratory status is stable. Documenting the client's response to treatment is also important for maintaining accurate medical records, but it is not the highest priority immediately post ECT.
The depressed client verbalizes feelings of low self-esteem and self-worth, typified by statements such as "I'm such a failure"? I can't do anything right!"? The best nursing response would be:
- A. To tell the client this is not true; that we all have a purpose in life.
- B. To remain with the client and sit in silence; this will encourage the client to verbalize feelings.
- C. To reassure the client that you know how the client is feeling and that things will get better.
- D. To identify recent behaviors or accomplishments that demonstrate skill ability.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response in this situation is to reassure the client that you understand how they are feeling and provide hope for improvement. While acknowledging the client's feelings, it is essential to offer support and encouragement. Choice A is not the best response as it dismisses the client's feelings and offers a generalized statement. Choice B, remaining silent, may lead the client to feel unheard or unsupported. Choice D, identifying recent behaviors or accomplishments, may not be as effective in addressing the immediate emotional distress and negative self-talk expressed by the client. Therefore, choice C is the most appropriate response in this scenario, offering empathy and optimism to help the client feel understood and supported.
A teacher brings a 5-year-old child to the school nurse because of a bruise under her eye. When asked about the bruise, the child responds, 'my daddy did it.' What is the nurse's initial action in this situation?
- A. Allow the child to return to class and monitor for future events that are suggestive of abuse
- B. Call the parent and request an explanation for the bruises
- C. Call the police and ask for a warrant for the parent's arrest
- D. Notify the school administrator
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In cases of suspected child abuse, the priority for the school nurse is to notify the school administrator immediately. The school administrator can then collaborate with the nurse to follow established protocols for reporting suspected abuse to the appropriate authorities. All suspicions or allegations of child abuse must be handled with sensitivity and in compliance with state laws and school policies. All other options, such as allowing the child to return to class without further action, directly contacting the parent, or involving the police without proper investigation, could potentially compromise the safety and well-being of the child and may not adhere to legal requirements for reporting suspected abuse.