Nokea
A client post-cystectomy is at risk for:
- A. Vitamin B12 deficiency.
- B. Hyperkalemia.
- C. Hypoglycemia.
- D. Dehydration.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cystectomy may impair vitamin B12 absorption due to ileum resection.
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Which activity increases the risk of renal calculi?
- A. High fluid intake.
- B. Sedentary lifestyle.
- C. Low-sodium diet.
- D. Frequent urination.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sedentary lifestyle promotes urinary stasis, increasing stone risk.
The nurse is assessing a client with chronic hepatitis B who is receiving Lamivudine (Epivir). What information is most important to communicate to the physician?
- A. The client's daily record indicates a 3 kg weight loss in 2 days.
- B. The client is complaining of nausea.
- C. The client has a temperature of 99°F orally.
- D. The client has fatigue.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A 3 kg weight loss in 2 days (A) is significant and may indicate worsening liver function or dehydration, requiring urgent attention. Nausea (B), low-grade fever (C), and fatigue (D) are common but less critical symptoms.
The client with rheumatoid arthritis tells the nurse, 'I have a friend who took gold shots and had a wonderful response. Why didn't my physician let me try that?' Which of the following responses by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. It's the physician's prerogative to decide how to treat you. The physician has chosen what is best for your situation.'
- B. Tell me more about your friend's arthritic condition. Maybe I can answer that question for you.'
- C. That drug is used for cases that are worse than yours. It wouldn't help you, so don't worry about it.'
- D. Every person is different. What works for one client may not always be effective for another.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Individual responses to treatments vary due to differences in disease severity, comorbidities, and side effect profiles. This response educates the client without dismissing their concerns.
Which of the following medications should be available to provide emergency treatment if a client develops tetany after a subtotal thyroidectomy?
- A. Sodium phosphate.
- B. Calcium gluconate.
- C. Echothiophate iodide.
- D. Sodium bicarbonate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcium gluconate is used to treat tetany by correcting hypocalcemia, which causes muscle spasms and tingling.
What should the nurse teach a client about how to avoid the dumping syndrome? Select all that apply.
- A. Consume three regularly-spaced meals per day.
- B. Eat a diet with high carbohydrate foods with each meal.
- C. Reduce fluids with meals, but take them between meals.
- D. Obtain adequate amounts of protein and fat in each meal.
- E. Eat in a relaxing environment.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: To avoid dumping syndrome, clients should reduce fluids with meals, ensure adequate protein and fat, and eat in a relaxing environment. Three meals a day and high-carbohydrate foods can exacerbate symptoms.