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A client receives a prescription for a one-time dose of metronidazole 2 grams by mouth. The medication is available in 500 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Enter numerical value only).
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client has been prescribed a one-time dose of metronidazole 2 grams by mouth. Since 1 gram is equal to 1000 milligrams (mg), 2 grams is equal to 2000 mg. The medication is available in 500 mg tablets, so the nurse should administer 2000 mg / 500 mg/tablet = 4 tablets.
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The healthcare provider prescribes penicillin 800,000 units intramuscularly (IM) for a patient with a streptococcal infection. The vial available is labeled Penicillin 50,000 units/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.).
- A. 10
- B. 12
- C. 14
- D. 16
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The healthcare provider prescribed 800,000 units of penicillin and the vial available is labeled 50,000 units/mL. To calculate the number of mL to administer, you need to divide the total number of units prescribed (800,000) by the number of units per mL (50,000). This gives you a result of 16 mL.
The nurse is teaching a client how to self-administer subcutaneous heparin injections.Which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Inject in abdominal area at least 2 inches from the umbilicus.
- B. Rotate injections between the abdomen and gluteal areas.
- C. Massage the injection site to increase absorption.
- D. Expel the air in the prefilled syringe prior to injection.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inject in abdominal area at least 2 inches from the umbilicus. When administering subcutaneous heparin injections, it is important to choose an injection site on either your tummy or outer areas of your left or right thigh. Your tummy is usually best as the injection site and it is important that you change the site each time.
The nurse observes that a client is using accessory muscles. Which vital sign should the nurse obtain first?
- A. Blood pressure.
- B. Respiratory rate.
- C. Temperature.
- D. Pulse rate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If a nurse observes that a client is using accessory muscles, it indicates an obstruction of the airways, which reduces oxygen saturation. Accessory muscles help in the act of forced expiration to wash out carbon dioxide and improve oxygen saturation. Therefore, the nurse should obtain the respiratory rate first.
The nurse is planning to provide mouth care to an unconscious client.Which statement is accurate for implementing mouth care to this client?
- A. Brushing an unconscious client's teeth should be avoided.
- B. Cleaning the inner cheeks and outer gum surfaces with a gauze pad is appropriate for an unconscious client.
- C. Unconscious clients need less frequent mouth care than conscious clients.
- D. Positioning the unconscious client upright is the best method because they are not eating or drinking.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cleaning the inner cheeks and outer gum surfaces with a gauze pad is appropriate for an unconscious client. When mouth care is provided, an unconscious patient is placed in the side-lying position because this prevents secretions from pooling at the back of the oral cavity, lowering the risk of aspiration.
Which of the following responses would be the most therapeutic when communicating with a client who has recently had a visit from their significant other and is displaying changes in behavior?
- A. Tell me about the visit with your significant other. I can see that you are feeling lonely.
- B. I noticed that you were more insulting to the evening group after your significant other left. Why is that?
- C. Why don't you try to make some friends here so you won't feel so lonely?
- D. It sounds like your visit with your significant other was important to you. How did it go?
- E. None
- F. None
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This response is most therapeutic because it offers the client an opportunity to talk and express their feelings while also focusing on the positive aspects of their visit.