Nokea
A client recently started on hemodialysis wants to know how the dialysis will take the place of his kidneys. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that hemodialysis works by:
- A. Passing water through a dialyzing membrane
- B. Eliminating plasma proteins from the blood
- C. Lowering the pH by removing nonvolatile acids
- D. Filtering waste through a dialyzing membrane
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemodialysis filters waste products and excess fluids through a dialyzing membrane, mimicking kidney function.
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The registered nurse is conducting an in-service for colleagues on the subject of peptic ulcers. The nurse would be correct in identifying which of the following as a causative factor?
- A. N. gonorrhea
- B. H. influenza
- C. H. pylori
- D. E. coli
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: H. pylori is a primary causative factor in peptic ulcers, contributing to mucosal damage and ulcer formation.
When assessing the urinary output of a client who has had extracorporeal lithotripsy, the nurse can expect to find:
- A. Cherry-red urine that gradually becomes clearer
- B. Orange-tinged urine containing particles of calculi
- C. Dark red urine that becomes cloudy in appearance
- D. Dark, smoky-colored urine with high specific gravity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Extracorporeal lithotripsy breaks up kidney stones, leading to cherry-red urine from minor bleeding that clears as healing progresses.
Following a disaster with multiple victims and danger to those present, which group should have priority for protection from injury?
- A. The clients/victims.
- B. The firefighters and police officers.
- C. The bystanders and news reporters.
- D. The healthcare providers.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Firefighters and police officers (B) have priority for protection as they are essential for managing the disaster and ensuring safety for others. Victims (A), bystanders (C), and healthcare providers (D) follow in priority.
The nurse is part of an interdisciplinary team in a rehabilitation unit. Which of the following statements by a client is most important to be communicated to the social worker on the team?
- A. I can't afford to hire anyone to help me when I am discharged.
- B. I'm worried about falling when I go home.
- C. I need to learn how to get in and out of the shower.
- D. I'm not sure what kinds of adaptive equipment I will need.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inability to afford help (A) is a social issue requiring the social worker's intervention for resources. Other concerns (B, C, D) are addressed by therapy or nursing.
One week after discharge of a postpartum client, the client's husband calls the postpartum unit and asks the nurse, 'Is it normal for my wife to cry at the drop of a hat? I'm worried I've done something to upset her.' The nurse's best initial response would be:
- A. Have you noticed any pattern to her periods of crying?
- B. Try not to worry about it. I'm sure it's just the postpartum blues.
- C. Can you think of something you might have done to upset her?
- D. Let's consider some of the ways you can decrease her depression.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Postpartum blues are common within the first two weeks, characterized by emotional lability. Reassuring the husband while acknowledging the normalcy of this condition is appropriate.