Nokea
A client requires long-term use of corticosteroids. The nurse explains which of the following is associated with chronic corticosteroid therapy?
- A. chronic fever
- B. inability to gain weight
- C. orthostatic hypotension
- D. osteoporosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic corticosteroid use causes osteoporosis due to bone density loss. Weight gain (not inability), not fever or hypotension, is more common.
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A client with Lyme's disease is being treated with Achromycin (tetracycline HCl). The nurse should tell the client that the medication will be rendered ineffective if taken with:
- A. Antacids
- B. Salicylates
- C. Antihistamines
- D. Sedative-hypnotics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antacids containing calcium, magnesium, or aluminum can bind tetracycline, reducing its absorption and effectiveness.
Upon admission to the hospital, a client reports having 'the worst headache I've ever had.' The nurse should give the highest priority to:
- A. Administering pain medication
- B. Starting oxygen
- C. Performing neuro checks
- D. Inserting a Foley catheter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A sudden, severe headache may indicate a serious condition like subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neuro checks are the priority to assess for neurological changes.
The physician has ordered cultures for cytomegalovirus (CMV). Which statement is true of the collection of cultures for cytomegalovirus?
- A. Stool cultures are preferred for definitive diagnosis.
- B. Pregnant caregivers may obtain cultures.
- C. Collection of one specimen is sufficient.
- D. Accurate diagnosis depends on fresh specimens.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fresh specimens are critical for accurate CMV culture results, as the virus is labile and degrades quickly.
What is the critical point for PO2 (the 'ICU' point), the percentage point at which there is marked decrease in oxygen saturation? Record your answer using a whole number.
Correct Answer: 90
Rationale: The critical PO2 point is around 90 mmHg, where oxygen saturation drops significantly, often requiring ICU intervention.
A 3-year-old is immobilized in a hip spica cast. Which discharge instruction should be given to the parents?
- A. Keep the bed flat, with a small pillow beneath the cast.
- B. Provide crayons and a coloring book for play activity.
- C. Increase her intake of high-calorie foods for healing.
- D. Tuck a disposable diaper beneath the cast at the perineal opening.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tucking a diaper beneath the cast at the perineal opening helps keep the cast clean and prevents skin irritation.