Nokea
A client scheduled for surgery has to undergo insertion of an endotracheal tube. The nurse understands that which of the following drugs for general anesthesia would most likely be ordered for this client?
- A. Benzodiazepines
- B. Barbiturates
- C. Opioid analgesics
- D. Skeletal muscle relaxants
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Skeletal muscle relaxants help produce relaxation of skeletal muscles during certain types of surgeries involving the chest or abdomen and are used to facilitate the insertion of an endotracheal tube. Barbiturates are used for the induction of anesthesia. Benzodiazepines are used to relieve anxiety, induce anesthesia, and consciously sedate the client before minor procedures. Opioid analgesics are used to produce neuroleptanalgesia characterized by general quietness, reduced motor activity, and profound analgesia.
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A client admitted for an appendectomy receives methohexital as a general anesthetic. Which of the following would most likely occur as a result of this medication?
- A. Skeletal muscle relaxation
- B. Profound analgesia
- C. CNS depression
- D. Neuroleptanalgesia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Methohexital is an ultrashort-acting barbiturate that depresses the CNS to produce hypnosis and anesthesia, but it does not produce analgesia. Skeletal muscle relaxation is caused by skeletal muscle relaxants, halothane, and enflurane. An anesthetic state characterized by profound analgesia is produced by ketamine, which is a rapid-acting general anesthetic. Neuroleptanalgesia is caused by a combination of fentanyl and droperidol.
To assist with the insertion of an endotracheal tube, the nurse would expect the client to receive which of the following to facilitate its insertion? Select all that apply.
- A. Hydroxyzine
- B. Glycopyrrolate
- C. Atracurium
- D. Doxacurium
- E. Meperidine
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Atracurium and doxacurium are muscle relaxants used during general anesthesia to facilitate the insertion of an endotracheal tube.
The nurse reviews a client's medical record and finds that the client received Innovar. The nurse understands that this drug results in neuroleptanalgesia and is a combination of which of the following drugs? Select all that apply.
- A. Lidocaine
- B. Fentanyl
- C. Etomidate
- D. Droperidol
- E. Methohexital
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The drug Innovar is a combination drug consisting of fentanyl and droperidol.
The nurse should inform a client receiving spinal anesthesia to expect a loss of feeling and movement in which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Arms
- B. Legs
- C. Face
- D. Lower abdomen
- E. Hands
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The nurse should inform a client receiving spinal anesthesia to expect a loss of feeling and movement in the lower extremities, lower abdomen, and perineum.
When clients receive the rapid-acting general anesthetic ketamine they would exhibit which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Analgesia
- B. Cardiovascular stimulation
- C. Reduced skeletal muscle tone
- D. Respiratory depression
- E. Respiratory stimulation
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Clients administered the rapid-acting general anesthetic ketamine (Ketalar) will exhibit profound analgesia, cardiovascular stimulation, respiratory stimulation, and enhanced skeletal muscle tone.