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A client who has been diagnosed with lung cancer is starting a smoking-cessation program. Which of the following drugs would the nurse expect to be included in the program's plan?
- A. Bupropion SR (Zyban)
- B. Metoproterenol (Alupent)
- C. Oxitropium (Oxivent)
- D. Alprazolam (Xanax)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bupropion SR (Zyban) is commonly used in smoking cessation programs to reduce nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms.
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The nurse is caring for a client admitted with multiple trauma. Fractures include the pelvis, femur, and ulna. Which finding should be reported to the physician immediately?
- A. Hematuria
- B. Muscle spasms
- C. Dizziness
- D. Nausea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hematuria in a client with pelvic and femur fractures suggests possible urinary tract or bladder injury, requiring immediate reporting.
The physician has prescribed Cobex (cyanocobalamin) for a client following a gastric resection. Which lab result indicates that the medication is having its intended effect?
- A. Neutrophil count of 4500
- B. Hgb of 14.2 g
- C. Platelet count of 250,000
- D. Eosinophil count of 200
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) treats pernicious anemia post-gastric resection; a hemoglobin of 14.2 g indicates effective correction of anemia.
The nurse is conducting a physical assessment on a client with anemia. Which of the following clinical manifestations would be most indicative of the anemia?
- A. BP 146/88
- B. Respirations 28 shallow
- C. Weight gain of 10 pounds in 6 months
- D. Pink complexion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tachypnea (respirations 28 shallow) is a common sign of anemia due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity, prompting compensatory increased respiratory rate.
The nurse finds a client smoking marijuana in the hospital and tells her that no smoking or use of drugs is allowed in the facility. The client responds by shouting, 'What business is it of yours? Leave me alone!' Which of the following initial responses is the best for the nurse to use to defuse the situation?
- A. It's my business because I'm your nurse.'
- B. If you don't put that out immediately, I will call security.'
- C. You are violating the facility policies and the law!'
- D. I'm sorry, but I have to ask you again to put out your marijuana cigarette.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A calm, polite request to stop (D) de-escalates the situation while reinforcing the rule. Other responses (A, B, C) are confrontational and likely to escalate the client's agitation.
A client with preeclampsia has been receiving an infusion containing magnesium sulfate for a blood pressure that is 160/80; deep tendon reflexes are 1 plus, and the urinary output for the past hour is 100 mL. The nurse should:
- A. Continue the infusion of magnesium sulfate while monitoring the client's blood pressure
- B. Stop the infusion of magnesium sulfate and contact the physician
- C. Slow the infusion rate and turn the client on her left side
- D. Administer calcium gluconate IV push and continue to monitor the blood pressure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The parameters (BP 160/80, 1+ reflexes, 100 mL urine output) are within acceptable limits, so the infusion should continue.