Nokea
A client who has been diagnosed with renal calculi reports that the pain is intermittent and less colicky. Which of the following nursing actions is most important at this time?
- A. Report hematuria to the physician.
- B. Strain the urine carefully.
- C. Administer meperidine (Demerol) every 3 hours.
- D. Apply warm compresses to the flank area.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Straining urine is critical when pain becomes intermittent, indicating possible stone passage, to confirm stone expulsion and guide treatment.
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What is the nurse's priority for a client with Guillain-Barré syndrome?
- A. Monitor respiratory function.
- B. Assess pain levels.
- C. Check skin integrity.
- D. Evaluate bowel function.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Monitoring respiratory function is the priority due to potential respiratory muscle weakness in Guillain-Barré syndrome.
The nurse is applying a hand mitt restraint for a client with pruritis (see figure). The nurse should be:
- A. Verify the physician order to use the restraint.
- B. Secure the mitt with ties around the wrist tied to the bed frame.
- C. Place a folded pillow under the wrist.
- D. Place the mitt on top of the hand.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A physician's order is required for restraints to ensure legal and ethical use, prioritizing patient safety and preventing scratching in pruritus.
The nurse notes that the daily white blood cell (WBC) count in a client with aplastic anemia has dropped overnight from 3,900 to 2,900/µL. Which is the appropriate nursing intervention?
- A. Continue monitoring the client.
- B. Call the laboratory to verify the report.
- C. Document the finding.
- D. Call the physician and place the client in reverse isolation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A significant drop in WBC count (3,900 to 2,900/µL) in aplastic anemia indicates worsening neutropenia, increasing infection risk. The nurse should notify the physician and place the client in reverse isolation to protect against infections. Monitoring, verifying, or documenting alone are insufficient given the urgency.
The following scenario applies to the next 1 items
The nurse in the intensive care unit (ICU) has completed an assessment on a client
Item 1 of 1
Nurses' Notes Orders
1923: Assessment completed. Peripheral vascular access device (PAD) was assessed. Erythema
and swelling were noted at the insertion site. The client reported "severe" pain, and
tenderness was endorsed when it was palpated. The infusion was stopped.
The nurse reviews the assessment and is preparing to take action. For each potential action, click to specify whether the potential action is indicated or not indicated for the client.
- A. Remove the peripheral vascular access device
- B. Obtain an order for phentolamine
- C. Notify the physician
- D. Flush the intravenous vascular access device with 5 mL of 0.9% saline (sodium chloride)
- E. Disconnect administration set
Correct Answer: A,C,F
Rationale: Removing the PVAD, notifying the physician, and disconnecting the administration set are indicated for infiltration; flushing is not indicated, and phentolamine is for extravasation.
A male client who has been taking warfarin (Coumadin) has been admitted with severe acute rectal bleeding and the following laboratory results: International Normalized Ratio (INR), 8; hemoglobin, 11 g/dL; and hematocrit, 33%. Which of the following physician orders should the nurse expect to implement initially? Select all that apply.
- A. Administer I.V. dextrose 5% in 0.45% normal saline solution.
- B. Schedule client for a sigmoidoscopy in the morning.
- C. Give 1 unit fresh frozen plasma (FFP).
- D. Administer vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON) 2.5 mg.
- E. Begin giving polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution (GoLYTELY) in preparation for sigmoidoscopy.
- F. Administer Fleet enema.
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: An INR of 8 indicates excessive anticoagulation from warfarin, causing severe bleeding. Initial management includes administering fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to replace clotting factors and vitamin K to reverse warfarin's effects. Dextrose/saline, sigmoidoscopy preparation, and enemas are not immediate priorities.