Nokea
A client who is being discharged has been instructed to continue with sulfonamide therapy for a week. Which of the following points should the nurse include in the teaching plan to educate the client about the therapy?
- A. Discontinue dosage if symptoms of infection disappear.
- B. Take the drug a few minutes before a meal.
- C. Take any off-the-shelf medication if fever occurs.
- D. Ensure that all follow-up appointments are met
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse's plan should include educating the client about the importance of keeping the follow-up appointments. The nurse should instruct the client to adhere to the dosage schedule and not discontinue it even if the symptoms of the infection have gone. The client should inform the primary health care provider if fever, skin rash, or nausea occurs during the therapy. The client should be instructed to take the drug on an empty stomach (at least 2 hours before or after a meal) and not just before a meal.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is being administered sulfasalazine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to ensure that the client gets the full benefits of the treatment?
- A. Take dosage while eating or immediately after eating.
- B. Increase food intake for the duration of sulfonamide therapy.
- C. Take the drug with a full glass of milk instead of water.
- D. Drink at least two to three 8-ounce glasses of fluid every day
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should administer sulfasalazine with food or immediately afterward. Increasing the food intake during sulfonamide therapy is not necessary, as long as a proper diet is maintained and the physician's recommendations are followed. Two to three 8-ounce glasses of fluid is not enough; the client should drink at least eight to ten 8-ounce glasses of fluid every day. All drugs should be taken with water and not milk, juice, or any other liquid, unless specifically instructed by the physician.
The nurse suspects that a client who is taking a sulfonamide has leukopenia. Which assessment findings would support this suspicion? Select all that apply.
- A. Sore throat
- B. Cough
- C. Nausea
- D. Photosensitivity
- E. Bruising
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Antibiotics including sulfonamides can lead to leukopenia, which would be manifested by fever, sore throat, or cough. Thrombocytopenia is also possible and would be manifested by easy bruising or unusual bleeding from minor to moderate trauma. Nausea and photosensitivity are adverse reactions to sulfonamides.
Sulfonamides are commonly used to treat which of the following types of infections? Select all that apply.
- A. Ulcerative colitis
- B. Urinary tract infection
- C. Acute otitis media
- D. Upper respiratory tract infection
- E. Osteomyelitis
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Sulfonamides are often used to treat ulcerative colitis, urinary tract infection, and acute otitis media.
A 60-year-old client who is on sulfonamide therapy has impaired urinary elimination. She does not want to increase her oral fluid intake because of fear of incontinence. Which of the following nursing interventions would be most appropriate?
- A. Inform the client that there is no need to increase fluid intake.
- B. Inform the client that increasing fluid intake will not result in incontinence.
- C. Teach the client the times to take fluids to maintain continence.
- D. Increase fluid intake by 1000 mL instead of 2000 mL to avoid incontinence
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse's responsibility is to help the client overcome the fear of incontinence and to teach her when to take fluids to maintain continence. Instead of telling the client that increasing fluid intake has no effect on continence, the nurse should focus on helping the client with her problems of incontinence. The nurse should instruct the client to increase the fluid intake by at least 2000 mL, instead of only 1000 mL; however, this will not help control incontinence.
A nurse is working in an ambulatory care setting that involves seeing clients with infections that require treatment. Which of the following would be important for the nurse to assess in these clients? Select all that apply.
- A. Client's use of self-remedies
- B. Review of lab results
- C. Vital signs
- D. Client's symptoms
- E. Client's general appearance
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: When assessing a client who may have an infection, the nurse should gather information about the client's general appearance; vital signs; symptoms, including the length of time the client has been experiencing them; and any self-remedies used. In addition, the nurse should review the results of any laboratory and diagnostic tests.