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A nurse is considering employment at a long-term care facility that has a functional nursing delivery system. Knowing this, the nurse could expect that:
- A. Each RN would coordinate care for a group of clients.
- B. One RN would pass meds for all clients on a unit.
- C. Each RN would deliver total care to an assigned group of clients.
- D. One RN, one LPN, and one unlicensed assistive personnel would share responsibility for a group of clients.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because in a functional nursing delivery system, one RN typically administers medications for all clients on a unit. This system allows for efficient distribution of tasks, ensuring that medications are given safely and accurately.
A: Incorrect. Functional nursing does not involve each RN coordinating care for a group of clients.
C: Incorrect. In this system, care tasks are divided among team members, not each RN providing total care to a group of clients.
D: Incorrect. Functional nursing typically does not involve sharing responsibility among different roles like RN, LPN, and unlicensed assistive personnel.
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Which of the following is true of malpractice?
- A. Malpractice occurs when a professional shares information about a patient that could damage that patient’s reputation.
- B. Malpractice is a serious criminal offense.
- C. Malpractice is a minor criminal offense.
- D. Malpractice is a negligent act by an individual whose duties require specialized education.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because malpractice is defined as a negligent act by an individual with specialized education. This involves a breach of duty owed to a patient, resulting in harm or injury. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to breach of confidentiality, not malpractice. Choice B and C are incorrect as malpractice is a civil offense, not a criminal offense. Malpractice is a serious issue as it can have significant consequences for patients and professionals.
A client experiences an air emboli, resulting in a stroke, during an IV start. This can be classified as which type of risk?
- A. Patient dissatisfaction
- B. Medical-legal incident
- C. Medication error
- D. Diagnostic procedure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Diagnostic procedure. Air emboli during an IV start can lead to a stroke, making it a risk associated with a diagnostic procedure. The air emboli occurred during the IV start, which is a diagnostic procedure aimed at obtaining information about the patient's health status. Patient dissatisfaction (A) is not the main concern here, as the focus is on the medical outcome. While a medical-legal incident (B) may result from this situation, the primary classification is related to the diagnostic nature of the procedure. This incident is not primarily a medication error (C) as the main issue is the introduction of air into the bloodstream during the IV start, rather than a mistake in medication administration.
A nurse is completing an admission assessment for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Blood pressure 144/82 mm Hg
- B. Urine specific gravity 1.03
- C. Neck vein distention
- D. Urine specific gravity 1.01
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The elevated blood pressure of 144/82 mm Hg indicates dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea, leading to hypovolemia. This is a compensatory mechanism by the body to maintain perfusion. Option B, urine specific gravity of 1.03, indicates concentrated urine and dehydration, but not as specific as elevated blood pressure. Option C, neck vein distention, is more indicative of heart failure or fluid overload rather than dehydration. Option D, urine specific gravity of 1.01, indicates diluted urine and is not consistent with dehydration. Therefore, based on the symptoms and the compensatory mechanism of the body, an elevated blood pressure is the most likely finding in a client with vomiting and diarrhea.
What is the difference between the amounts that were budgeted for specific revenue or cost and the actual revenue or cost that resulted during the course of activities?
- A. Budget
- B. Variable
- C. Variance
- D. Premiums
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Variance. Variance represents the difference between budgeted and actual revenue or cost. It is a crucial metric in performance evaluation and budget control. Variance analysis helps identify discrepancies and allows for adjustments to be made.
Incorrect choices:
A: Budget - This is the overall plan or financial blueprint for revenues and costs, not the difference between budgeted and actual amounts.
B: Variable - Refers to costs that change in relation to activity levels, not specifically the difference between budgeted and actual amounts.
D: Premiums - Relates to additional payments made, not the comparison between budgeted and actual figures.
What is a benefit of effective delegation?
- A. It increases the manager's workload
- B. It allows the manager to make all the decisions
- C. It empowers staff to make decisions
- D. It decreases staff involvement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: It empowers staff to make decisions. Effective delegation involves assigning tasks and responsibilities to employees while providing them with the authority and autonomy to make decisions within their scope of work. This benefits the organization by empowering staff, improving morale, fostering skill development, and increasing productivity. By delegating effectively, managers can focus on strategic tasks, reduce micromanagement, and promote a culture of trust and collaboration within the team.
The other choices are incorrect because:
A: It increases the manager's workload - Effective delegation should actually decrease the manager's workload by distributing tasks among team members.
B: It allows the manager to make all the decisions - This goes against the concept of delegation, which involves sharing decision-making authority with staff.
D: It decreases staff involvement - Effective delegation should increase staff involvement by giving them responsibilities and decision-making power.