Nokea
A client with a cholesterol level of $240 \mathrm{mg}$ is instructed to modify his diet. Which of the following diets provides a low-cholesterol, low-saturated fat breakfast?
- A. Oatmeal, skim milk, toast with margarine, orange juice, coffee
- B. French toast, margarine, syrup, crisp bacon, coffee
- C. Pancake, margarine, syrup, sausage, fresh fruit, tea
- D. Toasted bagel, cream cheese, poached egg, coffee
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oatmeal, skim milk, and margarine are low in cholesterol and saturated fat, unlike bacon, sausage, or cream cheese.
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A 16-year-old client is admitted for elective surgery. The LPN is asked to have the child's mother sign the operative permit. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Have the parent sign the permit form
- B. Refuse to ask the parent to sign the permit form
- C. Ask the unit secretary to have the parent sign the permit form
- D. Have both the child and the parent sign the permit form
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For minors, a parent or guardian must sign the operative permit, as they provide legal consent for the procedure.
A client is receiving a nitroglycerin infusion for unstable angina. What assessment would be a priority when monitoring the effects of this medication?
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Cardiac enzymes
- C. ECG analysis
- D. Respiratory rate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Since an effect of this drug is vasodilation, the client must be monitored for hypotension.
A nurse is assessing a patient in the rehab unit at shift change. The patient has suffered a TBI 3 weeks ago. Which of the following is the most distinguishing characteristic of a neurological disturbance?
- A. LOC (level of consciousness)
- B. Short term memory
- C. #NAME?
- D. #NAME?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: LOC is the most critical indicator of impaired neurological capabilities.
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of osteoporosis.
- A. Which intervention is most effective for preventing fractures in a client with osteoporosis?
- B. Encourage weight-bearing exercises.
- C. Administer vitamin C supplements.
- D. Restrict calcium intake.
- E. Encourage bed rest to prevent falls.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercises strengthen bones, reducing fracture risk in osteoporosis. Vitamin C is less critical than calcium and vitamin D, calcium restriction worsens bone loss, and bed rest increases bone resorption.
According to Erickson's stage of growth and development, the developmental task associated with middle childhood is:
- A. Trust
- B. Initiative
- C. Independence
- D. Industry
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Middle childhood (ages 6-12) is associated with the developmental task of industry, where children focus on competence and achievement.