Nokea
A client with a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease is prescribed a low-phosphorus diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. White bread.
- B. Chicken.
- C. Milk.
- D. Apples.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Milk is high in phosphorus and should be avoided in a low-phosphorus diet for chronic kidney disease.
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A client with a history of cirrhosis is prescribed propranolol (Inderal). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following therapeutic effects?
- A. Decreased portal hypertension.
- B. Increased blood glucose.
- C. Decreased ammonia levels.
- D. Increased platelet count.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Propranolol reduces portal hypertension by decreasing portal vein pressure in cirrhosis.
A nulligravid client with gestational diabetes tells the nurse that she had a reactive nonstress test 3 days ago and asks, 'What does that mean?' The nurse explains that a reactive nonstress test indicates which of the following about the fetus?
- A. Evidence of some compromise that will require delivery soon.
- B. Fetal well-being at this point in the pregnancy.
- C. Evidence of late decelerations occurring during the test.
- D. No accelerations demonstrated within a 20-minute period.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A reactive nonstress test, showing fetal heart rate accelerations, indicates fetal well-being.
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of venous insufficiency. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?
- A. Encourage prolonged standing.
- B. Apply compression stockings.
- C. Keep the legs in a dependent position.
- D. Limit fluid intake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Compression stockings improve venous return and reduce swelling in venous insufficiency.
A client is being treated for acute low back pain. Which of these clinical manifestations must be reported to the physician immediately?
- A. Diffuse, aching sensation in the L4 to L5 area
- B. New onset of footdrop
- C. Pain in the lower back when the leg is lifted
- D. Pain in the lower back that radiates to the hip
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: New onset footdrop indicates possible nerve compression or damage, requiring immediate reporting to prevent permanent impairment. Other symptoms are common in low back pain and less urgent.
A client with the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has received dietary counseling about potassium restriction in the diet. The nurse determines that the client has learned the information correctly when the client states that he or she will do what when preparing vegetables?
- A. Eat only fresh vegetables.
- B. Boil them and discard the water.
- C. Use only salt substitutes to season.
- D. Buy frozen vegetables whenever possible.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The potassium content of vegetables can be reduced by boiling them and discarding the cooking water. Clients with CKD should avoid the use of salt substitutes altogether because they tend to be high in potassium content.