LPN Pharmacology Assessment A

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A client with a diagnosis of heart failure is being discharged. What information should the nurse emphasize to the client regarding the use of a daily weight log?

  • A. Report any weight gain of more than 2 pounds in a day
  • B. Weigh yourself after eating breakfast each morning
  • C. Use the same scale each day to check your weight
  • D. Record your weight daily and report any changes
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Report any weight gain of more than 2 pounds in a day.' Sudden weight gain of more than 2 pounds in a day may indicate fluid retention and worsening heart failure. This information is crucial for early intervention and monitoring of the client's condition. Weighing after eating breakfast (choice B) may not provide consistent results due to varying food and fluid intake. Using the same scale each day (choice C) ensures accuracy and consistency in weight measurements. Recording weight daily (choice D) is more frequent than necessary and may not be practical for all clients, making it important to focus on significant weight changes instead.

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A client with a diagnosis of hypertension is prescribed atenolol (Tenormin). The nurse should monitor the client for which common side effect of this medication?

  • A. Tachycardia
  • B. Dry mouth
  • C. Hypotension
  • D. Increased appetite
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

A client with a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) is prescribed simvastatin (Zocor). The nurse should teach the client about which potential side effect?

  • A. Muscle pain
  • B. Dry mouth
  • C. Drowsiness
  • D. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Muscle pain is a common side effect of statins like simvastatin and can indicate a serious condition called rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis is a severe condition where muscle fibers break down rapidly, releasing myoglobin into the bloodstream, which can lead to kidney damage. Therefore, it's important for the nurse to educate the client about this potential side effect and to promptly report any muscle pain to the healthcare provider.

The LPN/LVN is assisting in the care of a client with chronic heart failure who is receiving furosemide (Lasix). Which instruction should the nurse reinforce with the client?

  • A. Limit your fluid intake to avoid fluid overload.
  • B. Increase your potassium intake by eating bananas and oranges.
  • C. Weigh yourself once a week to monitor for fluid retention.
  • D. Take the medication at night to avoid frequent urination during the day.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to reinforce with the client is to increase potassium intake by eating bananas and oranges. Furosemide can lead to potassium loss, potentially causing hypokalemia. By increasing potassium intake through diet, the client can help prevent this electrolyte imbalance and maintain overall health.

The healthcare professional is assisting in the care of a client diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which instruction should be reinforced to prevent complications?

  • A. Elevate the affected leg using pillows.
  • B. Perform leg exercises while sitting.
  • C. Wear snug compression stockings.
  • D. Avoid applying ice packs to injuries.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Elevating the affected leg using pillows is essential in managing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) as it helps reduce swelling and promote venous return, thus decreasing the risk of complications such as pulmonary embolism. This position aids in improving blood circulation and preventing blood clots from forming or worsening in the affected leg.

A client with heart failure is being discharged with a prescription for digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should include which instruction in the discharge teaching?

  • A. Take your pulse before each dose and hold the medication if your pulse is below 60 beats per minute
  • B. Increase your fluid intake to at least 3 liters per day
  • C. Report any weight loss of more than 2 pounds in a week
  • D. Take the medication with meals to avoid gastrointestinal upset
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

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