Nokea
A client with a diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is prescribed calcitonin (Miacalcin). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
- A. Hypercalcemia.
- B. Hypocalcemia.
- C. Hyperkalemia.
- D. Hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcitonin lowers serum calcium levels, so the nurse should monitor for hypocalcemia as a potential side effect.
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A client is experiencing symptoms of early alcohol withdrawal. The client's blood pressure is 150/85 mm Hg and the pulse is 98 bpm. The nurse should:
- A. Administer lorazepam (Ativan).
- B. Apply arm and leg restraints.
- C. Assign an unlicensed assistive personnel to sit with the client.
- D. Notify the physician.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Notifying the physician is the priority to obtain orders for managing alcohol withdrawal symptoms, which may require medications like lorazepam.
A client with cirrhosis reports itching. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Apply a heating pad.
- B. Administer an antihistamine.
- C. Encourage a hot shower.
- D. Apply a moisturizing lotion.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Moisturizing lotion relieves itching in cirrhosis by hydrating dry skin without exacerbating symptoms.
A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with pneumonia. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications?
- A. Hypercapnia.
- B. Hypotension.
- C. Pulmonary edema.
- D. Metabolic alkalosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients with COPD are at risk for hypercapnia (elevated CO2 levels) during pneumonia due to impaired gas exchange, which can worsen respiratory distress.
A family has taken home their newborn and later received a call from the pediatrician that the PKU levels for their newborn daughter are abnormally high. Additional testing confirmed the diagnosis of phenylketonuria. The parents refuse to believe the results as no one else in their family has the disease. The nurse explains that the disease:
- A. Is carried on recessive genes contributed by each parent.
- B. Is caused by a recessive gene contributed by either parent.
- C. Is cured by eliminating dietary protein for this child.
- D. Will not impact future childbearing for the family.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive disorder, requiring both parents to contribute a defective gene. It is not caused by a single parent's gene, cannot be cured by diet alone (though managed by low-phenylalanine diet), and may impact future childbearing as parents are carriers.
The nurse walks into a client's room to administer the 9:00 a.m. medications and notices that the client is in an awkward position in bed. What is the nurse's first action?
- A. Ask the client his name.
- B. Check the client's name band.
- C. Straighten the client's pillow behind his back.
- D. Give the client his medications.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Repositioning the client first ensures comfort and safety, addressing the immediate issue of the awkward position before administering medications.