Nokea
A client with a history of breast cancer is prescribed anastrozole (Arimidex). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Bone loss.
- B. Hyperglycemia.
- C. Hypertension.
- D. Weight gain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anastrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, can cause bone loss, increasing osteoporosis risk.
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A client with a history of pancreatitis is admitted with abdominal pain. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications?
- A. Hypocalcemia.
- B. Hypernatremia.
- C. Hypotension.
- D. Hyperkalemia.
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale: Pancreatitis can cause hypocalcemia (due to fat necrosis) and hypotension (due to fluid loss).
A postoperative nursing goal for the infant who has had surgery to correct imperforate anus is to prevent tension on the perineum. To achieve this goal, the nurse should not place the neonate on the:
- A. Abdomen, with legs pulled up under the body.
- B. Back, with legs suspended at a 90-degree angle.
- C. Left side, with hips elevated.
- D. Right side, with hips elevated.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The abdominal position with legs tucked increases perineal tension, risking surgical site strain, unlike the other positions.
Which of the following compensatory actions by the body would occur if a client were in respiratory acidosis?
- A. Excretion of bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) by the kidneys.
- B. Retention of HCO₃⁻ by the kidneys.
- C. Increase in respiratory rate by the lungs.
- D. Decrease in respiratory rate by the lungs.
Correct Answer: B, C
Rationale: In respiratory acidosis, the body compensates by retaining bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) in the kidneys and increasing respiratory rate to eliminate excess CO2.
The nurse is teaching a client with hypertension about lifestyle modifications. Which of the following recommendations is most effective in reducing blood pressure?
- A. Increasing dietary potassium intake.
- B. Reducing daily sodium intake.
- C. Drinking one glass of red wine daily.
- D. Taking a daily multivitamin.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reducing sodium intake is highly effective in lowering blood pressure by decreasing fluid retention and vascular resistance.
A nurse is admitting an older female client to the gynecology surgical unit. When the nurse asks the client what medication she is taking at home, the client responds that she is taking a little red pill in the morning and a white capsule at night for her blood pressure. What action by the nurse is focused on safe, effective care of this client?
- A. Consult the pharmacist regarding identification of the medications.
- B. Show pictures to the client from the Physician's Desk Reference to identify the medications.
- C. Consult the previous medical record and notify the physician regarding medications that must be ordered.
- D. Ask a family member to bring the medications from home in the original vials for proper identification and administration times.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Having medications brought in original vials ensures accurate identification, promoting safe administration.