Nokea
A client with a history of chronic kidney disease is prescribed calcitriol (Rocaltrol). The nurse should explain that this medication works by:
- A. Reducing blood pressure.
- B. Increasing calcium absorption.
- C. Decreasing phosphate levels.
- D. Increasing urine output.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcitriol, a vitamin D analog, increases calcium absorption in chronic kidney disease to correct hypocalcemia.
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Which statement about automated external defibrillators is accurate?
- A. They are not as effective as regular defibrillators.
- B. They are replacing regular defibrillators in acute care settings.
- C. Only BLS certified people in the community should use them.
- D. They can be easily used by people with no healthcare experience.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: AEDs are designed for use by laypersons with minimal training, making them accessible for public use in emergencies.
A client has implemented dietary and other lifestyle changes to manage hypertension. The nurse determines that the client has been most successful when the client has which follow-up blood pressure reading?
- A. 164/90 mm Hg
- B. 156/89 mm Hg
- C. 140/94 mm Hg
- D. 128/84 mm Hg
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Normal blood pressure readings are less than 120/80 mm Hg. A blood pressure reading between 120/80 mm Hg and 139/89 mm Hg is considered to be a prehypertensive state. From the readings provided in the options, the correct option identifies the most successful outcome, although the reading indicates a prehypertensive state.
The nurse is assessing a child admitted with a diagnosis of rheumatic fever. Which significant question should the nurse ask the child's parent during the assessment?
- A. Has your child had difficulty urinating?
- B. Has your child been exposed to anyone with chickenpox?
- C. Has any family member had a sore throat within the past few weeks?
- D. Has any family member had a gastrointestinal disorder in the past few weeks?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rheumatic fever characteristically presents 2 to 6 weeks after an untreated or partially treated group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection of the respiratory tract. Initially the nurse determines whether any family member has had a sore throat or unexplained fever within the past few weeks. The remaining options are unrelated to the assessment findings of rheumatic fever.
The nurse is assessing a client with a suspected stroke. Which of the following findings is most indicative of a stroke?
- A. Sudden unilateral weakness.
- B. Gradual onset of headache.
- C. Bilateral leg pain.
- D. Chronic fatigue.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sudden unilateral weakness is a classic sign of stroke due to impaired blood flow to one side of the brain.
The nurse is teaching a client with gout about dietary management. Which of the following foods should the client avoid?
- A. Spinach.
- B. Cherries.
- C. Organ meats.
- D. Whole grains.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Organ meats are high in purines, which increase uric acid levels and should be avoided in gout.