Nokea
A client with a history of glaucoma is prescribed timolol (Timoptic) eye drops. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. "Apply the drops directly to the cornea."
- B. "Press the inner corner of the eye after instilling drops."
- C. "Use the drops only when you have eye pain."
- D. "Store the drops in the refrigerator."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pressing the inner corner (nasolacrimal occlusion) after instilling timolol prevents systemic absorption. Direct corneal application (A) is incorrect, pain-based use (C) is wrong, and refrigeration (D) is unnecessary.
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Which diet would the nurse expect to see ordered for a patient with nephrotic syndrome?
- A. Low carbohydrate potassium
- B. Moderate protein
- C. Low calcium
- D. Increased potassium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome causes proteinuria, leading to hypoalbuminemia. A moderate protein diet (0.8–1 g/kg/day) helps replace lost protein without overloading the kidneys. Low carbohydrate, low calcium, or increased potassium diets are not specific to nephrotic syndrome.
A client with a history of heart failure is admitted with complaints of dyspnea. The nurse should give priority to:
- A. Administering diuretics
- B. Monitoring blood pressure
- C. Administering pain medication
- D. Monitoring temperature
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diuretics reduce fluid overload in heart failure, relieving dyspnea and improving oxygenation.
Which of the following risk factors associated with breast cancer would a nurse consider most significant in a client's history?
- A. Menarche after age 13
- B. Nulliparity
- C. Maternal family history of breast cancer
- D. Early menopause
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Women who begin menarche late (after 13 years old) have a lower risk of developing breast cancer than women who have begun earlier. Average age for menarche is 12.5 years. Women who have never been pregnant have an increased risk for breast cancer, but a positive family history poses an even greater risk. A positive family history puts a woman at an increased risk of developing breast cancer. It is recommended that mammography screening begin 5 years before the age at which an immediate female relative was diagnosed with breast cancer. Early menopause decreases the risk of developing breast cancer.
Which of the following serum laboratory values would the nurse monitor during gentamicin therapy?
- A. Creatinine
- B. Sodium
- C. Calcium
- D. Potassium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A common side effect of gentamicin is nephrotoxicity. The serum laboratory test that best reflects kidney function is serum creatinine.
The client is admitted with a diagnosis of acute diverticulitis. Which dietary order should the nurse anticipate?
- A. High-fiber diet
- B. Low-residue diet
- C. Clear liquid diet
- D. Regular diet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A clear liquid diet is ordered during acute diverticulitis to rest the bowel and reduce irritation. High-fiber is for prevention, low-residue is for chronic management, and regular diets are inappropriate.