Nokea
A client with a history of gout is prescribed febuxostat (Uloric). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Hepatotoxicity.
- B. Hypoglycemia.
- C. Hypertension.
- D. Weight gain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Febuxostat can cause hepatotoxicity, requiring liver function monitoring.
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The nurse is caring for a postoperative client who reports a pain level of 8 out of 10. The client has an order for morphine 4 mg IV every 4 hours as needed. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Administer the morphine as ordered.
- B. Assess the client's vital signs and pain characteristics.
- C. Apply a warm compress to the surgical site.
- D. Encourage the client to use distraction techniques.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing vital signs and pain characteristics ensures the pain is accurately evaluated and the morphine is safe to administer, considering potential side effects like respiratory depression.
A newborn infant is diagnosed with imperforate anus. Which description of this disorder should the nurse provide to the parents?
- A. The presence of fecal incontinence
- B. Incomplete development of the anus
- C. The infrequent and difficult passage of dry stools
- D. Invagination of a section of the intestine into the distal bowel
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Imperforate anus (anal atresia, anal agenesis) is the incomplete development or absence of the anus in its normal position in the perineum. Option 1 describes encopresis. Encopresis generally affects preschool and school-age children. Option 3 describes constipation. Constipation can affect any child at any time, although it peaks at age 2 to 3 years. Option 4 describes intussusception.
A client who is brought to the emergency department has experienced a burn covering greater than 25% of his total body surface area (TBSA). When reviewing the laboratory results drawn on the client, which value should the nurse most likely expect to note?
- A. Hematocrit 65% (0.65)
- B. Albumin 4.0 g/dL (40 g/L)
- C. Sodium 140 mEq/L (140 mmol/L)
- D. White blood cell (WBC) count 6000 mm^3 (6 x 10^9/L)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Extensive burns covering greater than 25% of the TBSA result in generalized body edema in both burned and nonburned tissues and a decrease in circulating intravascular blood volume. Hematocrit levels elevate in the first 24 hours after injury (the emergent phase) as a result of hemoconcentration from the loss of intravascular fluid. The normal hematocrit is 42 to 52% (0.42-0.52) in the male and 37 to 47% (0.37-0.47) in the female. The normal albumin is 3.5-5 g/dL (35-50 g/L). The normal sodium level is 135 to 145 mEq/L (135-145 mmol/L). The normal WBC count is 5000 to 10,000 mm^3 (5-10 x 10^9/L).
The nurse is assessing a neonate at 5 minutes after birth. The nurse records the Apgar score based on the findings in the chart A. The nurse compares these findings to the Apgar score obtained at birth, as determined by the findings in the chart B. What should the nurse do next?
- A. Notify the neonatologist on call.
- B. Continue to assess the neonate.
- C. Apply an oxygen mask.
- D. Rub the neonate’s extremities.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The neonate’s Apgar score has been improving since birth. (The birth score is 6; the current score is 9.) The nurse should continue to assess the neonate. There is no indication that oxygen is
needed since the color is improving, and stimulating the baby is not necessary as the he is now fl exing his extremities.
The nurse is counseling a client regarding treatment of the client's newly diagnosed depression. The nurse emphasizes that full benefit from antidepressant therapy usually takes how long?
- A. 1 week
- B. 2 to 4 weeks
- C. 5 to 7 weeks
- D. 8 weeks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antidepressants typically take 2 to 4 weeks to achieve full therapeutic effect, as they require time to adjust neurotransmitter levels. Other timeframes are too short or overly prolonged.