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A client with a history of myocardial infarction is prescribed aspirin therapy. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?
- A. Take aspirin with food.
- B. Take aspirin at the same time every day.
- C. Avoid taking aspirin with alcohol.
- D. Discontinue aspirin if you experience ringing in your ears.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include in the client's teaching plan is to avoid taking aspirin with alcohol. Combining aspirin with alcohol can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and other complications. Taking aspirin with food helps reduce stomach upset, but it is not the most crucial instruction in this scenario. While taking aspirin at the same time every day can help with consistency, it is not as critical as avoiding alcohol. Discontinuing aspirin if experiencing ringing in the ears is important to address potential side effects, but it is not directly related to preventing complications when combining with alcohol.
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A client with a history of hypertension is prescribed enalapril (Vasotec). Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will monitor my blood pressure regularly.
- B. I will report any signs of infection to my healthcare provider.
- C. I will avoid using salt substitutes.
- D. I will increase my intake of potassium-rich foods.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Increasing potassium intake can lead to hyperkalemia, especially in clients taking ACE inhibitors like enalapril. Hyperkalemia is a potential side effect of ACE inhibitors and can be exacerbated by consuming potassium-rich foods. Monitoring blood pressure regularly (A) is important when taking antihypertensive medications. Reporting signs of infection (B) is crucial as ACE inhibitors can lower the immune response. Avoiding salt substitutes (C) is necessary because they may contain potassium chloride, leading to increased potassium levels, which can be harmful in combination with ACE inhibitors.
When planning a scoliosis screening clinic, which age group should be included?
- A. early adolescent girls
- B. late adolescent boys
- C. 7-10 year old boys
- D. preschoolers of both genders
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is early adolescent girls. Scoliosis is most commonly diagnosed during early adolescence, with girls being more affected than boys. Including early adolescent girls in the screening clinic aligns with the age group that is at higher risk for scoliosis. Late adolescent boys (choice B) are less likely to develop scoliosis compared to early adolescent girls. 7-10 year old boys (choice C) are typically younger than the age group where scoliosis is commonly diagnosed. Preschoolers of both genders (choice D) are too young for scoliosis screening as the condition usually manifests during adolescence.
A community health nurse is developing a program to address the opioid crisis in the community. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Providing education on the dangers of opioid use
- B. Distributing naloxone kits to first responders
- C. Offering support groups for individuals struggling with addiction
- D. Partnering with local pharmacies to monitor prescriptions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Distributing naloxone kits to first responders. Naloxone is a medication that can rapidly reverse opioid overdose, potentially saving lives. In an opioid crisis scenario, providing naloxone kits to first responders equips them to act swiftly in emergencies. Choice A, providing education on the dangers of opioid use, is important but may not be as immediately life-saving as naloxone distribution. Choice C, offering support groups, is valuable for long-term recovery but may not address the acute crisis of overdoses. Choice D, partnering with local pharmacies to monitor prescriptions, focuses on prevention rather than immediate response to overdoses.
The client is receiving warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will avoid eating foods high in vitamin K.
- B. I will use a soft toothbrush and an electric razor.
- C. I will keep all appointments for blood tests.
- D. I will avoid participating in contact sports.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because participating in contact sports can increase the risk of injury and bleeding in a client receiving warfarin therapy. Warfarin is a blood thinner, and activities with a higher risk of injury should be avoided to prevent bleeding complications. Choices A, B, and C are all correct statements for a client on warfarin therapy. Avoiding foods high in vitamin K helps maintain consistent anticoagulation levels, using a soft toothbrush and an electric razor reduces the risk of bleeding gums and cuts, and keeping appointments for blood tests ensures proper monitoring of the client's international normalized ratio (INR) levels.
A community health nurse is working with a local organization to address food insecurity. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
- A. organizing a food drive to collect non-perishable items
- B. creating a community garden to grow fresh produce
- C. establishing a weekly meal program for those in need
- D. partnering with local businesses to donate food
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is establishing a weekly meal program for those in need. This action prioritizes providing consistent and reliable access to food for individuals experiencing food insecurity. While organizing a food drive (Choice A) and partnering with local businesses to donate food (Choice D) are helpful, they may not offer a sustainable solution for ongoing food needs. Creating a community garden (Choice B) may promote self-sufficiency and access to fresh produce, but it may not address the immediate food needs of individuals who are food insecure. Therefore, establishing a weekly meal program is the most effective choice to ensure regular access to food for those in need.