Nokea
A client with a history of Parkinson’s disease is prescribed levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet). Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. "I will take this medication with meals to reduce nausea."
- B. "I should report muscle twitching to my doctor."
- C. "I can stop this medication if my symptoms improve."
- D. "I will avoid high-protein meals with this medication."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stopping levodopa/carbidopa abruptly (C) can worsen Parkinson’s symptoms, indicating a need for further teaching. Taking with meals (A), reporting twitching (B), and avoiding protein (D) are correct.
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The mother of a child with chickenpox wants to know if there is a medication that will shorten the course of the illness. Which medication is sometimes used to speed healing of the lesions and shorten the duration of fever and itching?
- A. Zovirax (acyclovir)
- B. Varivax (varicella vaccine)
- C. VZIG (varicella-zoster immune globulin)
- D. Periactin (cyproheptadine)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral that can reduce the severity and duration of chickenpox symptoms, including lesions, fever, and itching.
A client on the psychiatric unit is threatening other clients and staff,and interventions to distract him have not been successful. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Call security for assistance and administer PRN medication to calm the client
- B. Tell the client to calm down and ask him again if he would like to play cards
- C. Tell the client that if he continues this behavior he will lose recreational privileges
- D. Ignore the client since it is unlikely he will actually harm anyone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Threatening behavior that persists despite de-escalation attempts requires immediate intervention. Calling security ensures safety and PRN medication may help calm the client. The other options are unsafe or ineffective in managing acute agitation.
Which of the following statements applies to the care of the client hospitalized with influenza?
- A. The nurse should wear an N-95 mask when caring for the client.
- B. The client may cohort with another client hospitalized with the same diagnosis.
- C. Equipment used in the client's care should remain in the room until the client is discharged.
- D. The door to the client's room may remain open to the hallway.
- E. The nurse should wear a mask when direct care of the client is required.
Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale: Influenza requires droplet precautions: cohorting with same diagnosis (B), keeping equipment in the room (C), and wearing a mask for direct care (E). N-95 masks (A) are for airborne diseases (e.g., TB). The door should remain closed (D) to limit droplet spread.
Which of the following instructions should be included in the nurse's teaching regarding oral contraceptives?
- A. Weight gain should be reported to the physician.
- B. An alternate method of birth control is needed when taking antibiotics.
- C. If the client misses one or more pills,two pills should be taken per day for one week.
- D. Changes in the menstrual flow should be reported to the physician.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antibiotics can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives by altering gut flora necessitating an alternate birth control method during antibiotic use. Weight gain and menstrual changes are common and doubling pills is not the correct protocol for missed doses.
An adolescent client hospitalized with anorexia nervosa is described by her parents as 'the perfect child.' When planning care for the client, the nurse should:
- A. Allow her to choose what foods she will eat
- B. Provide activities to foster her self-identity
- C. Encourage her to participate in morning exercise
- D. Provide a private room near the nurse's station
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anorexia nervosa is often linked to issues of control and identity; activities fostering self-identity help address underlying psychological factors.