Nokea
A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is prescribed ranitidine (Zantac). The nurse should instruct the client to take the medication:
- A. With meals
- B. At bedtime
- C. Before breakfast
- D. After exercise
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ranitidine, an H2 receptor blocker, is most effective when taken at bedtime to reduce nighttime acid production and promote ulcer healing.
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A postmenopausal client with an intact uterus asks the nurse why her hormone medicine has two drugs, estrogen and progesterone. Which of the following statements by the nurse provides the client with accurate information?
- A. The progesterone will help prevent cervical cancer
- B. The progesterone will help prevent breast cancer
- C. The progesterone will help prevent liver disease
- D. The progesterone will help prevent endometrial cancer
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Progesterone in hormone replacement therapy is used to prevent endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in women with an intact uterus. It does not primarily prevent cervical, breast, or liver disease.
A 7-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with acute rheumatic fever. When discussing long-term care for the child with the parents, the nurse should teach them that a necessary part of this care is:
- A. Physical therapy.
- B. Antibiotic therapy.
- C. Psychological therapy.
- D. Anti-inflammatory therapy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antibiotic therapy is essential for acute rheumatic fever to eradicate streptococcal infection and prevent recurrence, which is critical for long-term management.
When desmopressin acetate is prescribed via intranasal route for a child diagnosed with von Willebrand's disease, the nurse instructs the parents regarding the administration of this medication. Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. We need to refrigerate the medicine.
- B. We need to increase our child's fluid intake.
- C. Nausea and abdominal cramps can occur as a side effect of the medication.
- D. Headaches may be a sign of water intoxication that can occur with the medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Parents should be instructed to reduce fluid intake during initial treatment because the treatment will prevent continued fluid loss and the result will be fluid buildup. The medication should be refrigerated, but freezing should be avoided. Side effects of the medication include facial flushing, nasal congestion, increased blood pressure, nausea, abdominal cramps, decreased urination, and vulval pain. Signs and symptoms of water intoxication include headache, drowsiness and confusion, weight gain, seizures, and coma.
When suctioning a client's tracheostomy tube, the nurse should incorporate which of the following steps into the procedure?
- A. Oxygenate the client before suctioning.
- B. Insert the suction catheter about 2 inches into the cannula.
- C. Use a bolus of sterile water to stimulate coughing.
- D. Use clean gloves during the procedure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pre-oxygenation prevents hypoxia during tracheostomy suctioning, ensuring client safety.
The nurse is evaluating the status of a client with the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. The nurse interprets that the client's medication regimen may not be optimal if the client continues to experience fatigue occurring at which time?
- A. Early in the morning and before lunch
- B. Before meals and at the end of the day
- C. Early in the morning and late in the day
- D. Following exertion and at the end of the day
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client with myasthenia gravis has weakness after periods of exertion and near the end of the day. Medication therapy should assist in alleviating the weakness. The medication regimen may not be optimal if the client continues to experience fatigue. The nurse also works with the client to space out activities to conserve energy and regain muscle strength by resting between activities. The client is also instructed to take medication as prescribed.