Nokea
A client with a history of phenylketonuria is seen at the local family planning clinic. After completing the client's intake history, the nurse provides literature for a healthy pregnancy. Which statement indicates that the client needs further teaching?
- A. I can help control my weight by switching from sugar to Nutrasweet.
- B. I need to resume my old diet before becoming pregnant.
- C. Fresh fruits and raw vegetables will make excellent betweenmeal snacks.
- D. I need to eliminate most sources of phenylalanine from my diet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nutrasweet (aspartame) contains phenylalanine, which must be avoided in phenylketonuria, indicating a need for further teaching.
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- A. Computer programmer
- B. Elementary teacher
- C. Veterinarian
- D. Landscaper
Correct Answer: D
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- A. Pneumocystis carinii
- B. Cytomegalovirus
- C. Cryptosporidiosis
- D. Herpes simplex
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pneumocystis carinii (now Pneumocystis jirovecii) is a common cause of pneumonia in HIV-infected infants.
The nurse is assessing elderly clients at a community center. Which of the following findings would be the most cause for concern?
- A. Complaint of dry mouth
- B. Loss of 1 inch of height in the last year
- C. Stiffened joints
- D. Rales bilaterally on chest auscultation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rales bilaterally on chest auscultation suggest fluid in the lungs, which could indicate serious conditions like heart failure or pneumonia, requiring immediate attention. Dry mouth, height loss, and stiffened joints are common in aging but less urgent.
A 4-year-old girl has been transferred to a step-down recovery room after a tonsillectomy yesterday. The nurse should place the child in what position while she sleeps?
- A. semi-Fowler's position
- B. supine position
- C. prone position
- D. side-lying position
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Side-lying position post-tonsillectomy promotes drainage of secretions, reducing airway obstruction risk.
A client diagnosed with tuberculosis asks the nurse when he can return to work. The nurse should tell the client that:
- A. He can return to work when he has three negative sputum cultures.
- B. He can return to work as soon as he feels well enough.
- C. He can return to work after a week of being on the medication.
- D. He should think about applying for disability because he will no longer be able to work.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Three negative sputum cultures indicate the client is no longer contagious, allowing safe return to work after tuberculosis treatment.