Nokea
A client with a history of phenylketonuria is seen at the local family planning clinic. After completing the client's intake history, the nurse provides literature for a healthy pregnancy. Which statement indicates that the client needs further teaching?
- A. I can help control my weight by switching from sugar to Nutrasweet.
- B. I need to resume my old diet before becoming pregnant.
- C. I need to eliminate most sources of phenylalanine from my diet.
- D. Fresh fruits and raw vegetables will make excellent between-meal snacks.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nutrasweet (aspartame) contains phenylalanine, which is harmful in phenylketonuria, so this statement indicates a need for further teaching.
You may also like to solve these questions
To prevent fungal infections of the mouth and throat, the nurse should teach clients on inhaled steroids to:
- A. Rinse the plastic holder that aerosolizes the drug with hydrogen peroxide every other day
- B. Rinse the mouth and gargle with warm water after each use of the inhaler
- C. Take antacids immediately before inhalation to neutralize mucous membranes and prevent infection
- D. Rinse the mouth before each use to eliminate colonization of bacteria
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is sufficient to rinse the plastic holders with warm water at least once per day. It is important to rinse the mouth after each use to minimize the risk of fungal infections by reducing the droplets of the glucocorticoid left in the oral cavity. Antacids act by neutralizing or reducing gastric acid, thus decreasing the pH of the stomach. 'Neutralizing' the oral mucosa prior to inhalation of a steroid inhaler does not minimize the risk of fungal infections. Rinsing prior to the use of the glucocorticoid will not eliminate the droplets left on the oral mucous membranes following the use of the inhaler.
Which complaint is frequently expressed by a client with macular degeneration?
- A. Problems with activities requiring focused vision such as sewing
- B. Severe eye and face pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting
- C. Seeing halos around lights
- D. Veil-like loss of vision
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Macular degeneration affects central vision, impairing activities like sewing or reading that require focused vision. Severe pain with nausea is typical of acute glaucoma, halos suggest cataracts or glaucoma, and veil-like vision loss is more associated with retinal detachment.
Upon arrival to the nursery, Ilotycin (erythromycin) eyedrops are instilled in the newborn's eyes. The nurse understands that the medication will:
- A. Make the eyes less sensitive to light
- B. Help prevent neonatal blindness
- C. Strengthen the muscles of the eyes
- D. Improve accommodation to near objects
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Erythromycin eyedrops are used prophylactically in newborns to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum, which can cause blindness.
The nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease about levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet). Which instruction should be included?
- A. Take the medication on an empty stomach.'
- B. Expect immediate improvement in symptoms.'
- C. Avoid driving until the medication’s effects are known.'
- D. Take the medication only when tremors are severe.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Levodopa/carbidopa can cause dizziness or drowsiness, so avoiding driving until effects are known ensures safety. It is best taken with food, improvement is gradual, and it is taken regularly, not as needed.
The client presents to the clinic with a serum cholesterol of 275 mg/dL and is placed on rosuvastatin (Crestor). Which instruction should be given to the client taking rosuvastatin (Crestor)?
- A. Report unexplained muscle weakness to the physician
- B. Allow six months for the drug to take effect
- C. Take the medication with fruit juice
- D. Report difficulty sleeping
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rosuvastatin a statin can cause myopathy or rhabdomyolysis. Unexplained muscle weakness is a serious side effect requiring immediate reporting to prevent complications. The other options are not specific to rosuvastatin therapy.