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A client with a new diagnosis of hypothyroidism is prescribed levothyroxine. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Take the medication at bedtime.
- B. Expect weight gain as a side effect.
- C. Report palpitations or chest pain.
- D. Stop the medication if nausea occurs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Palpitations or chest pain may indicate overmedication or cardiac effects, requiring prompt reporting to adjust the levothyroxine dose.
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The nurse assesses a client and notes puffy eyelids, swollen ankles, and crackles at both lung bases. The nurse understands that these clinical findings are most specifically associated with fluid excess in which of the following compartments?
- A. Interstitial compartment.
- B. Intravascular compartment.
- C. Extracellular compartment.
- D. Intracellular compartment.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: These symptoms indicate fluid excess in the extracellular compartment, which includes interstitial spaces (edema) and intravascular spaces (contributing to lung crackles).
To prevent development of peripheral neuropathies associated with isoniazid administration, the nurse should teach the client to:
- A. Avoid excessive sun exposure.
- B. Follow a low-cholesterol diet.
- C. Obtain extra rest.
- D. Supplement the diet with pyridoxine (vitamin B6).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Isoniazid can deplete vitamin B6, leading to neuropathy; supplementation prevents this side effect.
A client with a hip fracture is scheduled for surgery. Which preoperative teaching should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid coughing post-surgery
- B. Expect to ambulate immediately
- C. Use of incentive spirometry
- D. Limit fluid intake
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Incentive spirometry prevents postoperative pulmonary complications like atelectasis, critical for a client with limited mobility post-hip surgery.
The nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of hyperthyroidism about medication management. Which of the following medications should the client expect to take?
- A. Methimazole.
- B. Levothyroxine.
- C. Liothyronine.
- D. Propylthiouracil.
Correct Answer: A, D
Rationale: Methimazole and propylthiouracil inhibit thyroid hormone production in hyperthyroidism.
A 72-year-old client is referred for counseling. During the initial nursing assessment, the client denies the need for counseling. The nurse would agree with the client if she made which of the following comments?
- A. My doctor just put me on an antidepressant, and I'll be fine in a week or so.'
- B. My daughter sent me here. She's mad because I don't have the energy to take care of my grandkids.'
- C. Since I've gotten over the death of my husband, I've had more energy and been more active than before he died.'
- D. My son got worried because I made this silly comment about wanting to be with my husband in heaven.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased energy and activity post-grief suggest the client is coping well, supporting her denial of needing counseling.