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A client with a panic disorder has been prescribed a benzodiazepine medication. Which of the following would the nurse emphasize as a risk associated with using this medication?
- A. Dietary restrictions
- B. Withdrawal symptoms
- C. Agitation
- D. Fecal impaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Benzodiazepines (B) carry a significant risk of withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety and seizures, if stopped abruptly, necessitating careful tapering. Dietary restrictions (A) apply to MAOIs, agitation (C) is a symptom not a risk, and fecal impaction (D) is unrelated.
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A client comes to the emergency department because he thinks he is having a heart attack. Further assessment determines that the client is not having a heart attack but is having a panic attack. When beginning to interview the client, which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to use?
- A. Are you feeling much better now that you are lying down?
- B. What did you experience just before and during the attack?
- C. Do you think you will be able to drive home?
- D. What do you think caused you to feel this way?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking about the client?s experiences before and during the attack (B) gathers critical information about triggers and symptoms, aiding in confirming the panic attack diagnosis and planning care. Asking about feeling better (A) is premature, driving ability (C) is irrelevant during acute assessment, and causes (D) are less urgent than symptom details.
A client is diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder and is prescribed medication therapy. Which agent would the nurse expect to administer to the client to obtain the quickest relief from anxiety symptoms?
- A. Buspirone
- B. Venlafaxine
- C. Alprazolam
- D. Imipramine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alprazolam (C), a benzodiazepine, provides the fastest relief from anxiety symptoms due to its rapid onset. Buspirone (A) and venlafaxine (B) take weeks to be effective, and imipramine (D), a TCA, is slower and less used for GAD.
The nurse is caring for a client who is being treated in the emergency department for a panic attack. Which of the following nursing interventions would be most appropriate?
- A. Demonstrate empathy for the client by trying to mimic the client?s state of anxiety.
- B. Tell the client that you must leave to go report his symptoms to the psychiatrist on duty.
- C. Tell the client this is an acute exacerbation with a positive prognosis and low morbidity.
- D. Stay with the client, emphasizing that he is safe and that you will remain with him.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Staying with the client and emphasizing safety (D) provides reassurance and reduces fear during a panic attack. Mimicking anxiety (A) is inappropriate, leaving the client (B) increases distress, and discussing prognosis (C) is less urgent than providing immediate support.
A nurse is preparing an in-service presentation about panic disorders and associated theories related to the cause. When describing the cognitive-behavioral concepts associated with panic disorders, which of the following would the nurse expect to address?
- A. Personal losses
- B. Conditioned response
- C. Early separation
- D. Dysfunctional family communication
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cognitive-behavioral theory links panic disorder to a conditioned response (B), where physical sensations are misinterpreted as catastrophic, triggering panic. Personal losses (A), early separation (C), and dysfunctional communication (D) are more relevant to psychoanalytic theories.
A group of students is reviewing information about the etiology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify which of the following as representing the psychoanalytic theory for this disorder?
- A. Inaccurate environmental danger assessment
- B. Exposure to multiple stressful life events
- C. Kindling caused by overstimulation
- D. Unresolved unconscious conflicts
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Psychoanalytic theory attributes GAD to unresolved unconscious conflicts (D), such as repressed emotions from early experiences. Inaccurate danger assessment (A) is cognitive, stressful events (B) are environmental, and kindling (C) is a neurobiological concept.