Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions

Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Related

Review Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions related questions and content

A client with a pleural effusion is being assessed by a nurse. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to find?

  • A. Decreased breath sounds on the affected side
  • B. Hyperresonance on percussion of the affected side
  • C. Increased tactile fremitus on the affected side
  • D. Tracheal deviation toward the affected side
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased breath sounds on the affected side. In a pleural effusion, fluid accumulates in the pleural space, leading to decreased air entry and diminished breath sounds on auscultation. This occurs because the fluid dampens the transmission of sound through the lungs.

B: Hyperresonance on percussion of the affected side is not expected in pleural effusion, as it is typically associated with conditions like pneumothorax.

C: Increased tactile fremitus on the affected side is not a typical finding in pleural effusion. Tactile fremitus may be decreased due to the presence of fluid.

D: Tracheal deviation toward the affected side is more commonly seen in conditions like tension pneumothorax, not pleural effusion.

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What controls the cyclic changes between waking and sleep?

  • A. Fluctuating levels of melatonin
  • B. The environmental light-dark cycles
  • C. Key nuclei in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and thalamus
  • D. A variety of neuropeptides released from the nervous system
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding should the nurse expect?

  • A. Increased anterior-posterior (AP) chest diameter
  • B. Decreased respiratory rate
  • C. Weight gain
  • D. Productive cough with yellow sputum
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased anterior-posterior (AP) chest diameter. In COPD, air trapping causes hyperinflation of the lungs, leading to an increase in the AP chest diameter known as barrel chest. This is a classic physical finding in patients with COPD due to chronic airway obstruction.

Explanation of other choices:
B: Decreased respiratory rate - In COPD, patients typically have an increased respiratory rate due to difficulty breathing.
C: Weight gain - Weight gain is not a typical finding in COPD and is more often associated with other medical conditions or lifestyle factors.
D: Productive cough with yellow sputum - While a productive cough is common in COPD, yellow sputum is more indicative of a bacterial infection rather than COPD alone.

What is the term that best describes biologic differences in physical features, such as skin color, bone structure, and eye shape?

  • A. Culture
  • B. Ethnicity
  • C. Race
  • D. Minority
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Anne returned from carpal tunnel surgery. Her hand and arm must remain elevated above the heart after the surgery. She asks you why. You respond by saying

  • A. To reduce lymphatic drainage.
  • B. To restrict hand movements.
  • C. To decrease possibility of nosocomial infection.
  • D. To reduce postoperative swelling.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

What is the primary goal of treating otitis externa?

  • A. Relieve pain
  • B. Eliminate infection
  • C. Restore hearing
  • D. Prevent recurrence
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

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