Nokea
A client with a suspected diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease is to have a lymph node biopsy. Which action is correct for handling the lymph node biopsy specimen for histologic examination for this client?
- A. Maintain sterile technique.
- B. Use a mask, gloves, and a gown when assisting with the procedure.
- C. Place the specimen in a container and send it to the laboratory when someone is available to take it.
- D. Call for a laboratory technician to assist the physician.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The lymph node biopsy specimen should be placed in a container and sent to the laboratory promptly to preserve tissue integrity for histologic examination. Sterile technique is maintained during the procedure, not for handling afterward, and masks/gowns or technician assistance are not required for transport.
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A client with diverticulosis asks about preventing flare-ups. Which recommendation should the nurse provide?
- A. Take a daily laxative to ensure regularity.
- B. Avoid nuts and seeds in the diet.
- C. Increase intake of red meat.
- D. Limit physical activity to reduce strain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Avoiding nuts and seeds may reduce the risk of diverticulitis flare-ups by preventing irritation of diverticula, though evidence is mixed. Daily laxatives are not recommended, red meat is not restricted, and limiting activity is unnecessary. CN: Health promotion and maintenance; CL: Synthesize
Which of the following health promotion activities should the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan for a client with asthma?
- A. Incorporate physical exercise as tolerated into the daily routine.
- B. Monitor peak flow numbers after meals and at bedtime.
- C. Eliminate stressors in the work and home environment.
- D. Use sedatives to ensure uninterrupted sleep at night.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular exercise, as tolerated, improves lung function and overall health in asthma. Peak flow monitoring is typically done morning and evening. Eliminating all stressors is unrealistic. Sedatives may depress respiration and are not recommended.
What is the nurse's best action for a client with a suspected stroke and aphasia?
- A. Speak loudly.
- B. Use simple phrases.
- C. Write all instructions.
- D. Avoid communication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using simple phrases supports communication in stroke patients with aphasia.
The client with Addison's disease should anticipate the need for increased glucocorticoid supplementation in which of the following situations:
- A. Returning to work after a weekend.
- B. Going on vacation.
- C. Having oral surgery.
- D. Having a routine medical checkup.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oral surgery is a stressful event requiring increased glucocorticoid supplementation to prevent adrenal crisis.
A 90-year-old male complains of feeling cold in his room even though the thermostat is set at 75°F (24°C). The client probably feels cold because older adults have:
- A. Increased cellular cohesion.
- B. Increased moisture content of the stratum corneum.
- C. Slower cellular renewal time.
- D. Decreased ability to thermoregulate.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Older adults have reduced thermoregulation due to decreased subcutaneous fat, vascular changes, and slower metabolic rate, making them feel colder.