Nokea
A client with acute renal failure has metabolic acidosis. The nurse expects:
- A. Sodium bicarbonate administration.
- B. Increased potassium intake.
- C. Fluid bolus.
- D. High-protein diet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sodium bicarbonate corrects metabolic acidosis in acute renal failure.
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The nurse is reading the results of a tuberculin skin test (see figure). The nurse should interpret the results as:
- A. Negative.
- B. Needing to be repeated.
- C. Positive.
- D. False.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A positive tuberculin skin test (induration ‰¥10 mm in most cases) indicates exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Without the figure, the context suggests a positive result based on typical test interpretation.
Which fluid is best for a client with renal calculi?
- A. Cranberry juice.
- B. Cola.
- C. Water.
- D. Milk.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Water increases urine volume, reducing stone formation risk.
Amoxicillin trihydrate (Amoxil) 300 mg P.O. has been prescribed for a client with an oral infection. The medication is available in a liquid suspension that is available as 250 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters would the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: 6 mL
Rationale: To calculate the dose: (300 mg / 250 mg) × 5 mL = 6 mL. The nurse should administer 6 milliliters of the amoxicillin suspension to deliver the prescribed 300 mg dose.
Which of the following lab values should the nurse report to the health care provider when the client has anemia?
- A. Schilling test result, elevated.
- B. Intrinsic factor, absent.
- C. Sedimentation rate, 16 mm per hour.
- D. Red blood cells (RBCs) within normal range.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An absent intrinsic factor is a critical finding in clients with anemia, as it indicates pernicious anemia, a condition where the body cannot absorb vitamin B12 due to a lack of intrinsic factor. This requires immediate medical attention and lifelong B12 supplementation. An elevated Schilling test is not a standard result (the test measures B12 absorption), a sedimentation rate of 16 mm/hour is normal, and normal RBCs do not explain anemia.
The nurse administers fat emulsion solution during TPN as ordered based on the understanding that this type of solution:
- A. Provide essential fatty acids.
- B. Provides extra carbohydrates.
- C. Promotes effective metabolism of glucose.
- D. Maintains a normal body weight.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fat emulsion solutions in TPN provide essential fatty acids to prevent deficiency. They do not primarily provide carbohydrates, promote glucose metabolism, or maintain body weight. CN: Pharmacological and parenteral therapies; CL: Apply