Nokea
A client with Alzheimer's disease has difficulty with bathing and dressing activities. This is an example of which type of loss?
- A. Physical loss
- B. Functional loss
- C. Affective loss
- D. Conative loss
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Physical loss involves losing a body part or function, not the ability to perform tasks. Functional loss is the reduced ability to perform daily activities like bathing and dressing, common in Alzheimer’s due to cognitive and motor decline. Affective loss is emotional, and conative loss relates to motivation, neither fitting this scenario.
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Which of the following mental health disorders commonly occurs in older adults?
- A. Personality disorder
- B. Depression
- C. Somatoform disorder
- D. Schizophrenia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Personality disorders are lifelong, not age-specific. Depression is prevalent in older adults due to health and social changes. Somatoform disorders aren’t age-specific. Schizophrenia onset is earlier, not typical in later life.
Which therapeutic intervention would the nurse include in a care plan for a client with Alzheimer's disease?
- A. Avoid exercise because of the risk of falls.
- B. Frequently orient to time, place, and person
- C. Place client in group therapy with about 10
- D. Provide a stimulating environment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Exercise benefits Alzheimer’s clients, reducing fall risk with supervision. Frequent orientation maintains cognition and security. Large groups overwhelm due to cognitive limits. Over-stimulation causes confusion; moderate stimulation is better.
In developing a nursing care plan for an adult with a mental health disorder, the nurse knows the goals that are set must be:
- A. Important to the client
- B. Evaluated on a weekly basis
- C. Achievable by client discharge
- D. Approved by the physician
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Client-important goals boost engagement. Weekly evaluation is useful but not mandatory. Discharge-tied goals may not fit long-term needs. Physician approval is secondary to client-centered planning.
Which of the following is a physical clinical finding of depression in older adults?
- A. Increased anxiety
- B. Slowed memory
- C. Slowed intellect
- D. Headache
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased anxiety is a psychological symptom, not a physical finding, though it may accompany depression. Slowed memory and intellect are cognitive symptoms related to depression’s impact on thinking, not physical manifestations. Physical symptoms of depression can include changes in sleep, appetite, or pain, such as headaches, which are commonly reported in older adults as a somatic expression of the disorder.
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has dementia. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Use an overhead loudspeaker to announce events.
- B. Post a written schedule of daily activities.
- C. Allow the client to choose free-time activities
- D. Provide a consistent daily routine.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Using an overhead loudspeaker can be disorienting or frightening for clients with dementia due to their sensitivity to loud noises and potential for confusion. A written schedule may not be helpful if the client has difficulty reading or understanding due to cognitive decline, which is common in dementia. While allowing choices is generally good, it can be overwhelming for someone with dementia depending on their cognitive ability, potentially leading to frustration or anxiety. A consistent daily routine helps provide structure and predictability, which can reduce confusion and anxiety in clients with dementia by creating a stable environment they can rely on.