Cardiovascular Conditions Pediatrics Test Bank Questions Free Nursing

Cardiovascular Conditions Pediatrics Test Bank Questions Free Nursing Related

Review Cardiovascular Conditions Pediatrics Test Bank Questions Free Nursing related questions and content

A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) arrives at the clinic reporting shortness of breath on exertion and extreme weakness. Vital signs are temperature 100.4°F (38°C), heart rate 110 beats/minute, respirations 28 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 175/98 mmHg. The client usually receives dialysis three times a week but missed the last treatment. STAT blood specimens are sent to the laboratory for analysis. Which laboratory results should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?

  • A. Potassium 6.5 mEq/L (mmol/L)
  • B. Potassium 6 mEq/L (mmol/L)
  • C. Potassium 0.5 mEq/L (mmol/L)
  • D. Potassium 1.5 mEq/L (mmol/L)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Elevated potassium levels in CKD clients can lead to life-threatening arrhythmias, so this result needs immediate intervention.

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Paroxysmal hypercyanotic attacks (hypoxic, blue, or tet spells) are a particular problem during the lst 2 yr of life. They are characterized by

  • A. early evening occurrence
  • B. an increase in intensity of the systolic murmur
  • C. unpredictable onset
  • D. metabolic alkalosis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Unpredictable onset and metabolic alkalosis are common features of tet spells.

Common pathogens in the sputum of CF patients are:

  • A. Pseudomonas
  • B. Staphylococcus epidermidis
  • C. Staphylococcus aureus
  • D. Burkholderia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because Pseudomonas is the most common pathogen in CF patients. The other options (b-e) are less common.

The following are suggestive of abnormal language development:

  • A. Not localising sound at 4 months of age
  • B. No response to human words at 6 weeks
  • C. Not understanding 'no' at 18 months of age
  • D. Does not move to music at 2 years of age
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failure to understand simple commands like 'no' by 18 months is a red flag for abnormal language development.

Which information should the nurse know when caring for a child with Kawasaki disease?

  • A. A child’s fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours.
  • B. The principal area of involvement is the joints.
  • C. Aspirin is contraindicated.
  • D. Therapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and aspirin.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: High-dose IV gamma globulin and aspirin therapy is indicated to reduce the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities when given within the first 10 days of the illness. The fever of Kawasaki disease is unresponsive to antibiotics and antipyretics. Mucous membranes, conjunctiva, changes in the extremities, and cardiac involvement are seen. Aspirin is part of the therapy.

Growth hormone secretion is raised by:

  • A. Sleep
  • B. Stress
  • C. IGF-1
  • D. Somatostatin
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Sleep

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