Nokea
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being evaluated by the transplant team. The client's glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 14 mL/min. This places the client in which stage of CKD?
- A. stage 1
- B. stage 5
- C. stage 4
- D. stage 2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: GFR <15 mL/min indicates stage 5 CKD (end-stage renal disease), often requiring dialysis or transplant.
You may also like to solve these questions
A client with a history of phenylketonuria is seen at the local family planning clinic. After completing the client's intake history, the nurse provides literature for a healthy pregnancy. Which statement indicates that the client needs further teaching?
- A. I can help control my weight by switching from sugar to Nutrasweet.
- B. I need to resume my old diet before becoming pregnant.
- C. Fresh fruits and raw vegetables will make excellent betweenmeal snacks.
- D. I need to eliminate most sources of phenylalanine from my diet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nutrasweet (aspartame) contains phenylalanine, which must be avoided in phenylketonuria, indicating a need for further teaching.
When planning the care for a client after a posterior fossa (infratentorial) craniotomy, which action is contraindicated?
- A. Keeping the client flat on one side
- B. Elevating the head of the bed 30°
- C. Log-rolling or turning as a unit
- D. Keeping the neck in a neutral position
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed can increase intracranial pressure in posterior fossa craniotomy clients due to disruption of cerebrospinal fluid flow, making it contraindicated.
The nurse is caring for a client whose native language is Korean; he speaks only a few words of English. The health care provider has determined that the client needs to undergo a coronary artery bypass graft. Which is the appropriate action by the nurse?
- A. ask the client's spouse to give consent for the procedure before explaining it to the client
- B. ask the client's spouse to translate for the health care provider and explain the procedure to the client
- C. communicate with the client by showing pictures of the intended surgery while a family member translates
- D. request a licensed translator to interpret for the health care provider and client during the conversation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A licensed translator ensures accurate communication and informed consent, adhering to ethical and legal standards.
The ED nurse is caring for a client whose native tongue is not English. The client speaks Korean and only understands a few words of English. The nurse understands that which response is best regarding how to communicate with this client?
- A. ask a bilingual family member to tell the client to point to where the pain is
- B. call the oncology unit and ask for the nurse who is a native Korean to come and translate
- C. show the client the equipment before using it, such as indicating that an IV line will be placed in the arm
- D. call for an official Korean interpreter on the facility's translator hotline to communicate with the client, family, and health care provider
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Using an official interpreter ensures accurate, unbiased communication, adhering to ethical and legal standards for patient care.
The nurse enters a client's room and finds him lying on the floor. The client says to the nurse, 'I fell because I was trying to go to the bathroom and no one answered my call light.' Which of the following actions by the nurse are correct? Select all that apply.
- A. assist the client back to bed
- B. complete an incident report
- C. notify the health care provider
- D. assess the client for any injuries
- E. document in the medical record that the client fell
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: All actions are appropriate: assist the client safely, assess for injuries, notify the provider, complete an incident report, and document the fall to ensure proper care and follow-up.