Nokea
A client with chronic kidney disease has a new prescription for epoetin alfa. The nurse should instruct the client to increase dietary intake of which of the following substances?
- A. Iron
- B. Protein
- C. Potassium
- D. Sodium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients with chronic kidney disease are often prescribed epoetin alfa to treat anemia. Epoetin alfa stimulates red blood cell production, increasing the body's demand for iron to support this process. Therefore, clients taking epoetin alfa should be advised to increase their dietary intake of iron-rich foods to meet the increased demand and prevent iron deficiency anemia.
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This is described as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual tissue damage:
- A. analgesia ;
- B. inflammation ;
- C. pain ;
- D. infection ;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain is described as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. It serves as a protective mechanism to alert the body of potential harm and encourage appropriate action to avoid further injury. Pain can be acute or chronic, and it can vary in intensity and duration depending on the underlying cause. In contrast, the other options do not directly correspond to the described sensation of pain associated with tissue damage.
What is the antidote for Warfarin?
- A. Vitamin D
- B. Vitamin
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Vitamin B has a new prescription for transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The antidote for Warfarin, a common blood thinner medication, is Vitamin K. Warfarin works by inhibiting Vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors, which prevents blood clotting. In case of an overdose or excessive bleeding while taking Warfarin, administering Vitamin K can help counteract the effects of the medication and promote blood clotting.
A client with peptic ulcer disease is prescribed omeprazole. Which finding should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
- A. Relief of headache
- B. Relief of nausea
- C. Relief of abdominal pain
- D. Relief of heartburn
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Relief of abdominal pain is a key indicator of omeprazole effectively treating peptic ulcer disease. Omeprazole works by reducing stomach acid production, which helps alleviate abdominal pain associated with peptic ulcers. While relief of other symptoms like headache, nausea, and heartburn may also occur, the primary therapeutic goal of omeprazole in peptic ulcer disease is to reduce abdominal pain caused by gastric irritation.
A client has a prescription for Amphotericin B. Which of the following laboratory values should be monitored by the nurse to assess for an adverse effect of this medication?
- A. Serum creatinine.
- B. Serum potassium.
- C. Serum sodium.
- D. Serum calcium.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amphotericin B is known to cause nephrotoxicity, a potential adverse effect that can be monitored by checking the client's serum creatinine levels. Regular monitoring of serum creatinine helps in early identification of kidney damage and allows for timely intervention to prevent further complications.
A client has a new prescription for Warfarin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You will need to have your blood tested regularly while taking this medication.
- B. It is safe to take over-the-counter NSAIDs with this medication.
- C. You will need to avoid foods high in vitamin K while taking this medication.
- D. You will need to take this medication with food.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warfarin interacts with vitamin K, so clients should be instructed to avoid foods high in vitamin K. This is because vitamin K can interfere with the anticoagulant effects of Warfarin. It is important to maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-containing foods to keep the medication working effectively. Therefore, the correct statement for the nurse to include in the teaching is to advise the client to avoid foods high in vitamin K while taking Warfarin.