Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions

Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Related

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A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being taught by a nurse. What nutrition information should the nurse include in the teaching?

  • A. Avoid drinking fluids just before and during meals.
  • B. Rest before meals if experiencing dyspnea.
  • C. Consume about six small meals a day.
  • D. Consume high-fiber foods to promote gastric emptying.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D

Rationale:
1. High-fiber foods promote gastric emptying, reducing the risk of bloating and discomfort in COPD patients.
2. COPD patients may experience decreased appetite, and high-fiber foods can provide necessary nutrients without overeating.
3. Increased fiber intake can aid in managing constipation, a common issue in patients with COPD due to decreased physical activity.

Summary:
A: Avoiding fluids before meals is not directly related to COPD management.
B: Resting before meals may help with dyspnea but does not address nutritional needs.
C: Consuming six small meals a day may not be necessary for all COPD patients and is not as crucial as promoting gastric emptying with high-fiber foods.

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What high-priority nursing diagnoses and interventions would you identify for a client diagnosed with anxiety?

  • A. High blood pressure
  • B. Increased heart rate
  • C. Decreased oxygen supply
  • D. Muscle relaxation
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) appears thin and disheveled. Which question should the nurse ask first?

  • A. Do you have a strong support system?
  • B. What do you understand about your disease?
  • C. Do you experience shortness of breath with basic activities?
  • D. What medications are you prescribed to take each day?
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct question to ask first is C: "Do you experience shortness of breath with basic activities?" This is because shortness of breath is a common and concerning symptom in COPD patients that can greatly impact their quality of life and indicate disease progression. By addressing this symptom first, the nurse can assess the severity of the client's condition and determine the immediate need for intervention or treatment. Asking about support system (A) is important but not as urgent as addressing the primary symptom. Inquiring about the client's understanding of the disease (B) and medications (D) is also important but should come after addressing the immediate symptom of shortness of breath.

Write a learning goal for the patient taking potassium-wasting diuretics who does not know what foods are high in potassium.

  • A. By the end of the session, the patient will identify three potassium-rich foods.
  • B. By the end of the session, the patient will demonstrate proper technique for self-administering insulin.
  • C. By the end of the session, the patient will list five serious side effects of Coumadin.
  • D. By the end of the session, the patient will verbalize understanding of wound care.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

The physician has ordered continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for a patient with serious obstructive sleep apnea. How will CPAP help the patient?

  • A. Prevent airway occlusion by bringing the tongue forward
  • B. Be easily tolerated by both the patient and the patient’s bed partner
  • C. Provide enough positive pressure in the airway to prevent airway collapse
  • D. Deliver a high inspiratory pressure and a low expiratory pressure to prevent airway collapse
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

In which clients is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) usually contraindicated?

  • A. Clients with cardiac or neurovascular diseases
  • B. Clients who have not responded to drug therapy
  • C. Clients who are intolerant of the side effects of antidepressant medications
  • D. Clients who are extremely suicidal
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

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