Nokea
A client with cirrhosis has portal hypertension, which is causing esophageal varices. What is the goal of the interventions that the nurse will provide?
- A. Cure the cirrhosis.
- B. Treat the esophageal varices.
- C. Reduce fluid accumulation and venous pressure.
- D. Promote optimal neurologic function.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Methods of treating portal hypertension aim to reduce fluid accumulation and venous pressure. There is no cure for cirrhosis; treating the esophageal varices is only a small portion of the overall objective. Promoting optimal neurologic function will not reduce portal hypertension.
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A client is about to undergo a liver biopsy. Which should the nurse administer to the client before the procedure?
- A. Potassium
- B. Vitamin K
- C. Vitamin B
- D. Oral bile acids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients about to undergo a liver biopsy may require vitamin K before the procedure to reduce the risk of bleeding. Potassium would be given only if the client's serum potassium levels were low. Oral bile acids are not prescribed for a client about to undergo a liver biopsy, they are given to dissolve gallstones. Vitamin B has no implications in the procedure.
The nurse is assisting the physician with a procedure to remove ascitic fluid from a client with cirrhosis. What procedure does the nurse ensure the client understands will be performed?
- A. Thoracentesis
- B. Abdominal paracentesis
- C. Abdominal CT scan
- D. Upper endoscopy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Abdominal paracentesis may be performed to remove ascitic fluid. Abdominal fluid is rapidly removed by careful introduction of a needle through the abdominal wall, allowing the fluid to drain. Fluid is removed from the lung via a thoracentesis. Fluid cannot be removed with an abdominal CT scan, but the scan can assist with placement of the needle. Fluid cannot be removed via an upper endoscopy.
A client is scheduled to have a laparoscopic cholecystectomy as an outpatient. The client asks the nurse when it will be possible to resume normal activities. What information should the nurse provide?
- A. Normal activities may be resumed the day after surgery.
- B. Normal activities may be resumed in 1 week.
- C. Normal activities may be resumed in 1 weeks.
- D. Normal activities may be resumed in 1 month.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A prolonged recovery period usually is unnecessary. Most clients resume normal activities within 1 week.
A client has a blockage of the passage of bile from a stone in the common bile duct. What type of jaundice does the nurse suspect this client has?
- A. Hemolytic jaundice
- B. Hepatocellular jaundice
- C. Obstructive jaundice
- D. Cirrhosis of the liver
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Obstructive jaundice is caused by a block in the passage of bile between the liver and intestinal tract. Hemolytic jaundice is caused by excess destruction of red blood cells. Hepatocellular jaundice is caused by liver disease. Cirrhosis of the liver would be an example of hepatocellular jaundice.
A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group about hepatitis. Which information would the nurse include?
- A. Hepatitis B is transmitted primarily by the oral-fecal route.
- B. Hepatitis A is frequently spread by sexual contact.
- C. Hepatitis C increases a person's risk for liver cancer.
- D. Infection with hepatitis G is similar to hepatitis A.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infection with hepatitis C increases the risk of a person developing hepatic (liver) cancer. Hepatitis A is transmitted primarily by the oral-fecal route, hepatitis B is frequently spread by sexual contact and infected blood. Hepatitis E is similar to hepatitis A whereas hepatitis G is similar to hepatitis C.