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A client with cocaine addiction would most likely be placed on which medication?
- A. Amantadine (Symmetrel)
- B. Methadone
- C. THC
- D. Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amantadine is sometimes used to reduce cravings in cocaine addiction by modulating dopamine pathways, unlike the other options, which are used for different substance dependencies.
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The nurse notes that a post-operative client's respirations have dropped from 14 to 6 breaths per minute. The nurse administers Narcan (naloxone) per standing order. Following administration of the medication, the nurse should assess the client for:
- A. Pupillary changes
- B. Projectile vomiting
- C. Wheezing respirations
- D. Sudden, intense pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After administering naloxone, the nurse should assess for pupillary changes, as reversal of opioid effects can cause sympathetic stimulation, affecting pupil size.
A client with recurrent episodes of gout has been advised to eat a low-purine diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse advise him to limit or avoid? Select all that apply.
- A. Liver.
- B. Sardines.
- C. Wine.
- D. Low-fat yogurt.
- E. Beef broth.
- F. Potatoes.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: High-purine foods like liver (A), sardines (B), and beef broth (E) should be limited to reduce gout flare-ups. Wine (C), low-fat yogurt (D), and potatoes (F) are low in purines and generally safe.
A client with mania is unable to finish her dinner. To help her maintain sufficient nourishment, the nurse should:
- A. Serve high-calorie foods she can carry with her
- B. Encourage her appetite by sending out for her favorite foods
- C. Serve her small, attractively arranged portions
- D. Allow her in the unit kitchen for extra food whenever she pleases
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High-calorie, portable foods accommodate the restlessness and distractibility of mania, ensuring adequate nutrition.
The toddler is admitted with a cardiac anomaly. The nurse is aware that the infant with a ventricular septal defect will:
- A. Tire easily
- B. Grow normally
- C. Need more calories
- D. Be more susceptible to viral infections
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A ventricular septal defect causes increased pulmonary blood flow, leading to easy tiring due to cardiac workload.
The nurse is caring for an elderly female client in an extended care facility who has dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Which nursing intervention would be the most appropriate?
- A. provide written materials to explain medications
- B. stand in front of the client when addressing her
- C. limit room lighting to create a relaxed environment
- D. encourage use of radio and CDs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Standing in front of the client maximizes her ability to see the nurse, as dry AMD affects central vision, making clear visual communication essential.