Community Health HESI Study Guide

Community Health HESI Study Guide Related

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A client with diabetes mellitus is receiving insulin glargine (Lantus). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?

  • A. Hypoglycemia
  • B. Hyperkalemia
  • C. Hypertension
  • D. Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin used to control blood sugar levels in diabetes. The nurse should monitor the client for hypoglycemia, which is a potential side effect of insulin therapy. Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels drop too low, leading to symptoms such as shakiness, dizziness, sweating, confusion, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness. Hyperkalemia (choice B) is an elevated potassium level, not typically associated with insulin glargine. Hypertension (choice C) is high blood pressure, which is not a common side effect of insulin glargine. Hypercalcemia (choice D) is an elevated calcium level and is not related to the use of insulin glargine.

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Which level of care serves as a referral center for primary health facilities?

  • A. Secondary level health care
  • B. Primary health care
  • C. Tertiary level care
  • D. Intermediate level care
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Secondary level health care is the correct answer as it serves as a referral center for primary health facilities. Primary health care refers to basic health services provided in the community setting. Tertiary level care involves specialized services like hospitals with advanced medical equipment and expertise. Intermediate level care is not a standard term in the hierarchy of health care services.

A young child is admitted for treatment of lead poisoning. The nurse recognizes that the most serious effect of chronic lead poisoning is

  • A. Central nervous system damage
  • B. Moderate anemia
  • C. Renal tubule damage
  • D. Growth impairment
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Chronic lead poisoning can lead to severe and irreversible damage to the central nervous system, including cognitive and developmental delays. Central nervous system damage is the most serious effect of chronic lead poisoning because it can have long-lasting consequences on a child's cognitive function and overall development. Moderate anemia (Choice B), renal tubule damage (Choice C), and growth impairment (Choice D) can also occur due to lead poisoning, but they are not as severe or potentially irreversible as the damage to the central nervous system.

A client with bipolar disorder is receiving lithium (Lithobid). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?

  • A. Hypernatremia
  • B. Hyponatremia
  • C. Hyperglycemia
  • D. Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

What is an important basis in preparing the family health care plan?

  • A. Needs and problems gathered and recognized by the nurse herself
  • B. Data gathered from the health center
  • C. Needs and problems as seen and accepted by the family
  • D. Needs as expected by the midwife assigned in the area where the family resides
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In preparing a family health care plan, it is crucial to consider the needs and problems as perceived and accepted by the family members themselves. This ensures that the plan aligns with the family's beliefs, values, and preferences, leading to better acceptance and adherence. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the active involvement and acceptance of the family in recognizing their needs and problems are essential for effective health care planning.

Which of the following behaviors is influenced by cultural expectations?

  • A. talking openly about the details of the illness
  • B. deciding whether to 'feed a cold' or 'starve a fever'
  • C. taking herbal supplements to boost the immune system
  • D. all of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Cultural expectations can influence all the listed behaviors. Talking openly about the details of an illness may be culturally acceptable or taboo. The decision to 'feed a cold' or 'starve a fever' is often influenced by cultural beliefs and practices. Additionally, the use of herbal supplements to boost the immune system can also be shaped by cultural norms and traditions. Therefore, all the behaviors listed can be influenced by cultural expectations, making option D the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because cultural expectations can impact each of these behaviors.

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