Nokea
A client with diabetes punctured the foot with a sharp object. Within a week, the client developed osteomyelitis of the foot. The client was admitted for IV antibiotic therapy. How long does the nurse anticipate the client will receive IV antibiotics?
- A. 6 months
- B. 7 to 10 days
- C. 2 to 3 weeks
- D. At least 4 weeks
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Identification of the causative organism to initiate appropriate and ongoing antibiotic therapy for infection control. IV antibiotic therapy is administered for at least 4 weeks, followed by another 2 weeks (or more) of IV antibiotics or oral antibiotics.
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A client is taking large amounts of salicylates for the treatment of bursitis of the left shoulder. The client should be aware to report which symptoms of salicylism?
- A. Ringing in the ears
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Dry hacking cough
- D. Dry eyes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Signs of salicylate toxicity include headache, nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, increased pulse and respiratory rate, fever, mental confusion, and drowsiness. Dry hacking cough, diarrhea, and dry eyes are not symptoms of salicylate toxicity.
A client suffered a significant ankle fracture several months ago. Which indicator would the nurse use to determine that the client is exhibiting signs and symptoms of chronic osteomyelitis?
- A. High fever
- B. Persistent draining sinus
- C. Rapid pulse
- D. Tenderness over the affected area
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Persistent draining sinus indicates a chronic infection in a client with osteomyelitis. This is the symptom the nurse would use to differentiate between an acute and chronic infection. High fever, rapid pulse, and tenderness or pain over the affected area is evidence of an acute infection.
A client calls the clinic and reports having been bitten by a tick and expresses worry about Lyme disease. How long does the nurse understand that the tick must be attached to transmit infection?
- A. 1 to 2 hours
- B. 12 to 24 hours
- C. 24 to 36 hours
- D. 36 to 48 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For the client to have Lyme disease, the tick must be attached for 36 to 48 hours. Removing a tick as early as possible may prevent infection. The other times given are not long enough to transmit infection.
A nurse is caring for a client with gout. Which of the following would the nurse encourage the client to limit?
- A. Fluid intake
- B. Protein-rich foods
- C. Purine-rich foods
- D. Carbohydrates
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with gout should be advised to have adequate protein with the limitation of purine-rich foods to avoid contributing to the underlying problem. The diet should also be relatively high in carbohydrates and low in fats because carbohydrates increase urate excretion and fats retard it. A high fluid intake is recommended because it helps increase the excretion of uric acid.
A client is diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which action would be most appropriate for the nurse to use to evaluate the client's stage of disease?
- A. Observe the client's gait.
- B. Review the client's medical record.
- C. Inspect the client's mouth.
- D. Ausculate the client's lung sounds.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse evaluates the stage of SLE and plans appropriate interventions by reviewing the medical record and diagnostic findings of the client. The stage of the disease cannot be established by observing the client's gait, inspecting the client's mouth, or auscultating the client's lung sounds.